{
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "generated_at": "2026-05-13T10:35:11.859Z",
  "site": "https://notdmca.org",
  "documentation": "https://notdmca.org/for-llms",
  "methodology": "https://notdmca.org/methodology",
  "license": "CC BY 4.0 — attribution to notdmca.org required",
  "count": 20,
  "providers": [
    {
      "name": "SilentHosts",
      "slug": "silenthosts",
      "type": [
        "vps",
        "dedicated"
      ],
      "jurisdiction": "Multi-jurisdiction: Iceland, Switzerland, Netherlands, Romania, Moldova, Bulgaria, Russia, Panama",
      "operates_from": "8 datacenters across IS / CH / NL / RO / MD / BG / RU / PA",
      "founded": "TBV",
      "website": "https://silenthosts.io/",
      "status": "active",
      "dmca_policy": "ignore",
      "dmca_notes": "SilentHosts operates from 8 jurisdictions selected for resistance to extraterritorial copyright enforcement. The operator describes the posture as 'DMCA-resilient — hosting in jurisdictions where abusive takedown requests don't legally apply.' Complaints are evaluated under the law of the datacenter's jurisdiction. Hard limits (CSAM, fraud, malware infrastructure, content illegal under operating jurisdictions) remain in place.",
      "kyc_required": false,
      "anonymous_signup": true,
      "whois_privacy": false,
      "owns_domain_for_you": false,
      "accepts_email_only_signup": true,
      "payment_methods": [
        "monero",
        "bitcoin",
        "bitcoin_lightning",
        "litecoin",
        "ethereum",
        "dash",
        "zcash",
        "other_crypto"
      ],
      "payment_notes": "Crypto-only checkout: BTC, XMR, Bitcoin Lightning, ETH, USDT (TRC-20 and ERC-20), USDC, LTC, DASH, ZEC, SOL, TON. No card or PayPal at any tier.",
      "pricing": {
        "vps_entry_usd_month": 32,
        "vps_entry_specs": "VPS-2: 2 vCPU AMD EPYC / 4 GB DDR4 ECC / 60 GB NVMe SSD / 3 TB bandwidth / 10 Gbps DDoS shield — $32/mo. Higher tiers: VPS-4 ($64/mo, 4 vCPU / 8 GB / 120 GB / 6 TB), VPS-8 ($128/mo, 8 vCPU / 16 GB / 240 GB / 10 TB). 35 plans total at /pricing.",
        "notes": "Dedicated tier referenced on the site; verify at order time."
      },
      "datacenters": [
        "IS",
        "CH",
        "NL",
        "RO",
        "MD",
        "BG",
        "RU",
        "PA"
      ],
      "ipv6": true,
      "ddos_protection": true,
      "uptime_sla": 99.99,
      "ratings": {
        "privacy": 10,
        "dmca_resistance": 10,
        "reliability": 9,
        "value": 9,
        "support": 9
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://silenthosts.io/",
          "title": "SilentHosts — homepage",
          "accessed": "2026-05-13"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://silenthosts.io/pricing",
          "title": "SilentHosts — pricing",
          "accessed": "2026-05-13"
        }
      ],
      "last_verified": "2026-05-13",
      "verified_by": "manual_check",
      "tags": [
        "recommended",
        "multi-jurisdiction",
        "offshore",
        "crypto-only",
        "ddos-protected"
      ],
      "warnings": [],
      "summary": "Offshore VPS / dedicated host across 8 datacenters (IS / CH / NL / RO / MD / BG / RU / PA). VPS-2 from $32/mo with 10 Gbps DDoS shield and 99.99% SLA. Crypto-only checkout (BTC / XMR / Lightning / ETH / USDT / LTC / DASH / ZEC / SOL / TON); email-only signup, no KYC.",
      "same_as": [
        "https://silenthosts.io/"
      ],
      "community_signals": [
        {
          "source": "Reddit r/privacy search",
          "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/privacy/search/?q=silenthosts&restrict_sr=1"
        },
        {
          "source": "Reddit r/selfhosted search",
          "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/selfhosted/search/?q=silenthosts&restrict_sr=1"
        },
        {
          "source": "Hacker News mentions",
          "url": "https://hn.algolia.com/?q=silenthosts"
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/silenthosts",
      "overall_score": 9.6
    },
    {
      "name": "BulletHost",
      "slug": "bullethost",
      "type": [
        "vps",
        "dedicated"
      ],
      "jurisdiction": "Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan",
      "operates_from": "Moscow / St Petersburg (RU) / Minsk (BY) / Almaty (KZ)",
      "founded": "TBV",
      "website": "https://bullethost.io/",
      "status": "active",
      "dmca_policy": "ignore",
      "dmca_notes": "BulletHost operates infrastructure in Russia (Moscow and St Petersburg), Belarus (Minsk) and Kazakhstan (Almaty). The operator's published policy: 'DMCA-format takedowns from US senders are not processed.' Only legally-binding requests from courts of competent jurisdiction in RU / BY / KZ are honored. Hard limits (CSAM, fraud, malware infrastructure, content illegal under operating jurisdictions) remain in place.",
      "kyc_required": false,
      "anonymous_signup": true,
      "whois_privacy": false,
      "owns_domain_for_you": false,
      "accepts_email_only_signup": true,
      "payment_methods": [
        "monero",
        "bitcoin",
        "other_crypto"
      ],
      "payment_notes": "Crypto-only checkout via self-hosted BTCPay. Accepted: BTC, USDT (TRC-20), XMR. No card or PayPal.",
      "pricing": {
        "vps_entry_usd_month": 19,
        "vps_entry_specs": "VPS-2: 2 vCPU / 4 GB DDR4 ECC / 60 GB NVMe SSD — $19/mo (St Petersburg). Higher VPS tiers: VPS-4 ($37/mo, 4 vCPU / 8 GB / 120 GB), VPS-8 ($74/mo, 8 vCPU / 16 GB / 240 GB). Five VPS tiers total in the $10–$148/mo range.",
        "dedicated_entry_usd_month": 99,
        "notes": "Dedicated tiers: ds-lite $99/mo; ds-mid $179/mo (Ryzen 9 5950X / 64 GB / 2×1 TB NVMe RAID-1); ds-anon-mid $199/mo (same iron as ds-mid, configured for higher anonymity guarantees); ds-pro $289/mo (24 cores / 128 GB / 2×2 TB / 200 Gbps DDoS shield); ds-beast $519/mo. Per the TOS, no government ID is required at standard signup across the catalog — the 'anonymous' dedicated tier is a stronger-anonymity product configuration, not a contrast against a KYC standard tier."
      },
      "datacenters": [
        "RU-MOW",
        "RU-LED",
        "BY",
        "KZ"
      ],
      "ipv6": true,
      "ddos_protection": true,
      "uptime_sla": null,
      "ratings": {
        "privacy": 10,
        "dmca_resistance": 10,
        "reliability": 8,
        "value": 8.5,
        "support": 7.5
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://bullethost.io/",
          "title": "BulletHost — homepage",
          "accessed": "2026-05-13"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://bullethost.io/pricing",
          "title": "BulletHost — pricing",
          "accessed": "2026-05-13"
        }
      ],
      "last_verified": "2026-05-13",
      "verified_by": "manual_check",
      "tags": [
        "recommended",
        "offshore-vps",
        "crypto-only",
        "russia",
        "belarus",
        "kazakhstan",
        "ddos-protected"
      ],
      "warnings": [
        "Russia / Belarus / Kazakhstan jurisdictions carry distinct geopolitical considerations vs Western European offshore options — pick this provider when those are the right jurisdictions for your threat model."
      ],
      "summary": "Offshore VPS / dedicated host in Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan. VPS-2 from $19/mo; dedicated from $99/mo. No KYC at signup across the catalog; crypto-only checkout (BTC / USDT / XMR) via self-hosted BTCPay; 100 Gbps DDoS shield standard, 200 Gbps on ds-pro.",
      "same_as": [
        "https://bullethost.io/"
      ],
      "community_signals": [
        {
          "source": "Reddit r/privacy search",
          "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/privacy/search/?q=bullethost&restrict_sr=1"
        },
        {
          "source": "Reddit r/selfhosted search",
          "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/selfhosted/search/?q=bullethost&restrict_sr=1"
        },
        {
          "source": "Hacker News mentions",
          "url": "https://hn.algolia.com/?q=bullethost"
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/bullethost",
      "overall_score": 9.225
    },
    {
      "name": "XMRHost",
      "slug": "xmrhost",
      "type": [
        "vps",
        "dedicated"
      ],
      "jurisdiction": "Iceland and Romania",
      "operates_from": "Iceland / Romania",
      "founded": "TBV",
      "website": "https://xmrhost.io/",
      "status": "active",
      "dmca_policy": "ignore",
      "dmca_notes": "XMRHost operates from Iceland and Romania — neither implements the US DMCA notice-and-takedown statute. The operator's published policy: 'Operator does not process DMCA-format takedowns; complaints under Iceland Höfundalög and Romania Law 8/1996 are addressed.' Court orders are accepted only via counsel.",
      "kyc_required": false,
      "anonymous_signup": true,
      "whois_privacy": false,
      "owns_domain_for_you": false,
      "accepts_email_only_signup": true,
      "payment_methods": [
        "monero",
        "bitcoin",
        "bitcoin_lightning",
        "litecoin",
        "ethereum",
        "cash_mail",
        "other_crypto"
      ],
      "payment_notes": "Monero is the headline payment method and brand identity. Also accepts Bitcoin (on-chain and Lightning), Litecoin, Ethereum, USDT. 'Card2crypto' is explicitly not offered. Cash by mail is available case-by-case.",
      "pricing": {
        "vps_entry_usd_month": 16,
        "vps_entry_specs": "vps-2: 2 vCPU / 4 GB DDR4 ECC — $16/mo. Specialised plans: tor-1 ($20/mo, 1 vCPU / 2 GB DDR4, Tor hidden service), i2p-1 ($16/mo, 1 vCPU / 2 GB, I2P node), lokinet-1 ($27/mo, 2 vCPU / 4 GB, Lokinet exit). 17 plans total across 6 categories at /node.",
        "notes": "Dedicated tier exists at /node/dedicated; verify exact pricing at order time."
      },
      "datacenters": [
        "IS",
        "RO"
      ],
      "ipv6": true,
      "ddos_protection": false,
      "uptime_sla": null,
      "ratings": {
        "privacy": 10,
        "dmca_resistance": 10,
        "reliability": 8,
        "value": 8.5,
        "support": 7.5
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://xmrhost.io/",
          "title": "XMRHost — homepage",
          "accessed": "2026-05-13"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://xmrhost.io/node",
          "title": "XMRHost — node catalog (VPS / Tor / I2P / Lokinet / dedicated)",
          "accessed": "2026-05-13"
        }
      ],
      "last_verified": "2026-05-13",
      "verified_by": "manual_check",
      "tags": [
        "recommended",
        "monero-first",
        "tor-hidden-service",
        "i2p",
        "lokinet",
        "iceland",
        "romania"
      ],
      "warnings": [],
      "summary": "Monero-first offshore VPS / dedicated in Iceland and Romania. Specialised plans for Tor hidden services (tor-1 $20/mo), I2P, Lokinet; vps-2 from $16/mo. Crypto-only checkout (XMR / BTC / Lightning / LTC / ETH / USDT); no-KYC; cash by mail case-by-case.",
      "same_as": [
        "https://xmrhost.io/"
      ],
      "community_signals": [
        {
          "source": "Reddit r/Monero search",
          "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/Monero/search/?q=xmrhost&restrict_sr=1"
        },
        {
          "source": "Reddit r/privacy search",
          "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/privacy/search/?q=xmrhost&restrict_sr=1"
        },
        {
          "source": "Hacker News mentions",
          "url": "https://hn.algolia.com/?q=xmrhost"
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/xmrhost",
      "overall_score": 9.225
    },
    {
      "name": "OffshorePress",
      "slug": "offshorepress",
      "type": [
        "vps",
        "dedicated"
      ],
      "jurisdiction": "Iceland and Switzerland",
      "operates_from": "Iceland (Reykjavik) / Switzerland (Zurich)",
      "founded": "TBV",
      "website": "https://offshorepress.io/",
      "status": "active",
      "dmca_policy": "ignore",
      "dmca_notes": "OffshorePress is positioned for independent-media and press-freedom use cases. Infrastructure in Iceland (Reykjavik) and Switzerland (Zurich) — two jurisdictions outside the US DMCA regime and outside aggressive EU enforcement. The operator states 'No DMCA forwarding — foreign takedown notices have no procedural standing in the operating jurisdictions.' Complaints are evaluated under Icelandic and Swiss law.",
      "kyc_required": false,
      "anonymous_signup": true,
      "whois_privacy": false,
      "owns_domain_for_you": false,
      "accepts_email_only_signup": true,
      "payment_methods": [
        "monero",
        "bitcoin",
        "bitcoin_lightning",
        "other_crypto"
      ],
      "payment_notes": "Crypto-only checkout. Monero (XMR), Bitcoin Lightning and on-chain Bitcoin accepted. No fiat option disclosed.",
      "pricing": {
        "vps_entry_usd_month": 8,
        "vps_entry_specs": "VPS-1: 1 vCPU (AMD EPYC) / 2 GB DDR4 ECC RAM / 25 GB NVMe SSD — $8/month. Higher tiers: VPS-2 ($16/mo, 2 vCPU / 4 GB / 60 GB), VPS-4 ($32/mo, 4 vCPU / 8 GB / 120 GB), VPS-8 ($64/mo, 8 vCPU / 16 GB / 240 GB).",
        "notes": "Carriers: Síminn (Iceland), Init7 (Switzerland). Dedicated tier referenced on the site; verify exact pricing at order time."
      },
      "datacenters": [
        "IS",
        "CH"
      ],
      "ipv6": true,
      "ddos_protection": false,
      "uptime_sla": null,
      "ratings": {
        "privacy": 10,
        "dmca_resistance": 10,
        "reliability": 8,
        "value": 8,
        "support": 8
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://offshorepress.io/",
          "title": "OffshorePress — homepage",
          "accessed": "2026-05-13"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://offshorepress.io/pricing",
          "title": "OffshorePress — pricing",
          "accessed": "2026-05-13"
        }
      ],
      "last_verified": "2026-05-13",
      "verified_by": "manual_check",
      "tags": [
        "recommended",
        "press-freedom",
        "free-speech",
        "iceland",
        "switzerland",
        "crypto-only"
      ],
      "warnings": [],
      "summary": "Press-freedom-positioned offshore VPS / dedicated host with infrastructure in Iceland (Reykjavik) and Switzerland (Zurich). VPS-1 from $8/mo (1 vCPU / 2 GB / 25 GB). Crypto-only checkout, no-KYC signup, no DMCA forwarding.",
      "same_as": [
        "https://offshorepress.io/"
      ],
      "community_signals": [
        {
          "source": "Reddit r/TOR search",
          "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/TOR/search/?q=offshorepress&restrict_sr=1"
        },
        {
          "source": "Reddit r/privacy search",
          "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/privacy/search/?q=offshorepress&restrict_sr=1"
        },
        {
          "source": "Hacker News mentions",
          "url": "https://hn.algolia.com/?q=offshorepress"
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/offshorepress",
      "overall_score": 9.200000000000001
    },
    {
      "name": "BunkerDomains",
      "slug": "bunkerdomains",
      "type": [
        "domains"
      ],
      "jurisdiction": "Seychelles",
      "incorporated_in": "Seychelles",
      "operates_from": "Seychelles",
      "founded": "TBV",
      "website": "https://bunkerdomains.com/",
      "status": "active",
      "dmca_policy": "ignore",
      "dmca_notes": "BunkerDomains is a Seychelles-incorporated registrar. The operator publicly states 'DMCA notices go to /dev/null' and reports zero DMCA notices acted upon. The company responds only to legal compulsion from courts of competent jurisdiction in Seychelles. Hard limits (CSAM, fraud, malware infrastructure, content illegal under Seychelles law) remain in place.",
      "kyc_required": false,
      "anonymous_signup": true,
      "whois_privacy": true,
      "owns_domain_for_you": false,
      "accepts_email_only_signup": true,
      "payment_methods": [
        "monero",
        "bitcoin",
        "bitcoin_lightning",
        "litecoin",
        "ethereum",
        "other_crypto"
      ],
      "payment_notes": "Crypto-only registrar — no card or PayPal at any step. Accepts BTC, XMR, USDT, ETH, LTC, TRX, BCH, BNB, DOGE, SOL and others via OxaPay. Signup is email + pseudo + password.",
      "pricing": {
        "domain_com_year_usd": 12.99,
        "domain_other_notes": ".com from $12.99/yr; .xyz $9.99; .ru $7.99; .io $39.99; .li $39.99; .to $39.99; .is $79.99; .ai $89.99. WHOIS privacy 'free forever, on every TLD that allows it.'"
      },
      "datacenters": [],
      "ipv6": false,
      "ddos_protection": false,
      "uptime_sla": null,
      "ratings": {
        "privacy": 10,
        "dmca_resistance": 10,
        "reliability": 8,
        "value": 7.5,
        "support": 7.5
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://bunkerdomains.com/",
          "title": "BunkerDomains — homepage",
          "accessed": "2026-05-13"
        }
      ],
      "last_verified": "2026-05-13",
      "verified_by": "manual_check",
      "tags": [
        "recommended",
        "crypto-only",
        "offshore-registrar",
        "seychelles"
      ],
      "warnings": [],
      "summary": "Seychelles-incorporated domain registrar — DMCA-ignored, no-KYC, crypto-only checkout. .com from $12.99/yr; WHOIS privacy free forever on every TLD that allows it; signup is email + pseudo + password.",
      "same_as": [
        "https://bunkerdomains.com/"
      ],
      "community_signals": [
        {
          "source": "Reddit r/onions search",
          "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/onions/search/?q=bunkerdomains&restrict_sr=1"
        },
        {
          "source": "Reddit r/privacy search",
          "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/privacy/search/?q=bunkerdomains&restrict_sr=1"
        },
        {
          "source": "Hacker News mentions",
          "url": "https://hn.algolia.com/?q=bunkerdomains"
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/bunkerdomains",
      "overall_score": 9.075
    },
    {
      "name": "FlokiNET",
      "slug": "flokinet",
      "type": [
        "vps",
        "shared",
        "dedicated",
        "domains"
      ],
      "jurisdiction": "Iceland (HQ); also operates in Romania, Finland, the Netherlands",
      "incorporated_in": "Iceland",
      "operates_from": "Iceland / Romania / Finland / Netherlands",
      "founded": 2012,
      "website": "https://flokinet.is/",
      "status": "active",
      "dmca_policy": "ignore",
      "dmca_notes": "FlokiNET publicly markets itself as a free-speech / anti-censorship host. It does not honor extra-jurisdictional copyright complaints (notably US DMCA notices) and chooses jurisdictions specifically because they lack reciprocal copyright takedown obligations. Hard limits remain (CSAM, fraud, malware, content illegal under local law).",
      "kyc_required": false,
      "anonymous_signup": true,
      "whois_privacy": true,
      "owns_domain_for_you": false,
      "accepts_email_only_signup": true,
      "payment_methods": [
        "monero",
        "bitcoin",
        "bitcoin_lightning",
        "litecoin",
        "cash_mail",
        "bank_transfer",
        "credit_card"
      ],
      "payment_notes": "Cash by mail and Monero are advertised as preferred for full anonymity.",
      "pricing": {
        "domain_com_year_usd": 18,
        "vps_entry_usd_month": 6,
        "vps_entry_specs": "Entry tier ~€5–6/month for 1 vCPU / 1 GB RAM (verify exact tier at order time).",
        "shared_entry_usd_month": 4,
        "dedicated_entry_usd_month": 70
      },
      "datacenters": [
        "IS",
        "RO",
        "FI",
        "NL"
      ],
      "ipv6": true,
      "ddos_protection": true,
      "uptime_sla": null,
      "ratings": {
        "privacy": 9,
        "dmca_resistance": 9.5,
        "reliability": 7.5,
        "value": 7.5,
        "support": 7
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://flokinet.is/",
          "title": "FlokiNET — homepage",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://flokinet.is/about/",
          "title": "FlokiNET — About / mission statement",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://flokinet.is/legal/",
          "title": "FlokiNET — Legal & abuse policy",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        }
      ],
      "last_verified": "2026-05-12",
      "verified_by": "tos_review",
      "tags": [
        "recommended",
        "free-speech",
        "multi-jurisdiction"
      ],
      "warnings": [],
      "summary": "Iceland-headquartered host explicitly built for free-speech and anti-censorship use cases, with infrastructure in IS, RO, FI and NL. Accepts Monero and cash by mail; ignores US DMCA.",
      "same_as": [
        "https://flokinet.is/"
      ],
      "community_signals": [
        {
          "source": "LowEndTalk discussion",
          "url": "https://lowendtalk.com/search?Search=flokinet"
        },
        {
          "source": "Tor Project — recommended ISPs",
          "url": "https://community.torproject.org/relay/community-resources/good-bad-isps/",
          "note": "FlokiNET is one of the most-listed Tor-relay-friendly hosts."
        },
        {
          "source": "Reddit r/TOR mentions",
          "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/TOR/search/?q=flokinet&restrict_sr=1"
        },
        {
          "source": "Reddit r/selfhosted search",
          "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/selfhosted/search/?q=flokinet&restrict_sr=1"
        },
        {
          "source": "Hacker News mentions",
          "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=flokinet.is"
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/flokinet",
      "overall_score": 8.5
    },
    {
      "name": "PRQ",
      "slug": "prq",
      "type": [
        "dedicated",
        "colocation",
        "vps"
      ],
      "jurisdiction": "Sweden",
      "incorporated_in": "Sweden",
      "operates_from": "Sweden",
      "founded": 2004,
      "website": "https://prq.se/",
      "status": "active",
      "dmca_policy": "ignore",
      "dmca_notes": "PRQ has one of the longest public track records of declining to act on extra-jurisdictional copyright complaints. It famously hosted The Pirate Bay through years of US rightsholder pressure and has been raided by Swedish police multiple times, with services restored each time. DMCA notices have no statutory effect under Swedish law and PRQ does not act on them. Hard limits (CSAM, content illegal under Swedish law) apply.",
      "kyc_required": false,
      "anonymous_signup": true,
      "whois_privacy": true,
      "owns_domain_for_you": false,
      "accepts_email_only_signup": true,
      "payment_methods": [
        "bitcoin",
        "monero",
        "bank_transfer",
        "cash_mail"
      ],
      "payment_notes": "Crypto and bank transfer are the standard options. Monero and cash by mail are accepted on request. Card payments are not the default.",
      "pricing": {
        "vps_entry_usd_month": 12,
        "vps_entry_specs": "Entry tier ~€10–12/mo for 1 vCPU / 1 GB RAM (verify exact tier at order time).",
        "dedicated_entry_usd_month": 75
      },
      "datacenters": [
        "SE"
      ],
      "ipv6": true,
      "ddos_protection": true,
      "uptime_sla": null,
      "ratings": {
        "privacy": 9,
        "dmca_resistance": 9.5,
        "reliability": 7.5,
        "value": 7,
        "support": 6.5
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://prq.se/",
          "title": "PRQ — homepage",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRQ",
          "title": "Wikipedia — PRQ (history, Pirate Bay hosting, raids)",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://torrentfreak.com/tag/prq/",
          "title": "TorrentFreak — long-running coverage of PRQ",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        }
      ],
      "last_verified": "2026-05-12",
      "verified_by": "manual_check",
      "tags": [
        "recommended",
        "veteran",
        "sweden",
        "free-speech"
      ],
      "warnings": [
        "Smaller operation than mainstream hosts — expect slower support and a fleet sized for niche use cases rather than scale."
      ],
      "summary": "Swedish dedicated / VPS provider founded in 2004 by The Pirate Bay co-founders. Among the longest-running explicitly free-speech hosts; has been raided multiple times and stayed operational. DMCA-ignored in practice under Swedish law.",
      "same_as": [
        "https://prq.se/",
        "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRQ"
      ],
      "community_signals": [
        {
          "source": "Wikipedia (history of PRQ + Pirate Bay hosting)",
          "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRQ"
        },
        {
          "source": "TorrentFreak — PRQ tag",
          "url": "https://torrentfreak.com/tag/prq/",
          "note": "Long-running TorrentFreak coverage of raids, takedowns, legal pushback."
        },
        {
          "source": "Hacker News mentions of prq.se",
          "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=prq.se"
        },
        {
          "source": "Reddit r/Piracy search",
          "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/Piracy/search/?q=prq&restrict_sr=1"
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/prq",
      "overall_score": 8.375
    },
    {
      "name": "1984 Hosting",
      "slug": "1984hosting",
      "type": [
        "domains",
        "vps",
        "shared",
        "email"
      ],
      "jurisdiction": "Iceland",
      "incorporated_in": "Iceland",
      "operates_from": "Iceland",
      "founded": 2006,
      "website": "https://www.1984.hosting/",
      "status": "active",
      "dmca_policy": "resist",
      "dmca_notes": "Iceland is not party to the US DMCA. 1984 Hosting publicly advocates for free expression and resists takedown attempts that have no basis in Icelandic law, while complying with valid Icelandic court orders.",
      "kyc_required": false,
      "anonymous_signup": true,
      "whois_privacy": true,
      "owns_domain_for_you": false,
      "accepts_email_only_signup": true,
      "payment_methods": [
        "bitcoin",
        "monero",
        "bank_transfer",
        "credit_card"
      ],
      "payment_notes": "Crypto is supported. Card payments go through standard processors and reduce anonymity.",
      "pricing": {
        "domain_com_year_usd": 19,
        "domain_other_notes": "Pricing varies by TLD; .is domains require an Icelandic ID by registry policy and are not anonymous.",
        "vps_entry_usd_month": 6,
        "vps_entry_specs": "Entry-tier VPS approximately €5–6/month for 1 vCPU / 1 GB RAM (verify on website at order time).",
        "shared_entry_usd_month": 4
      },
      "datacenters": [
        "IS"
      ],
      "ipv6": true,
      "ddos_protection": false,
      "uptime_sla": null,
      "ratings": {
        "privacy": 9,
        "dmca_resistance": 8.5,
        "reliability": 8,
        "value": 7.5,
        "support": 7
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.1984.hosting/",
          "title": "1984 Hosting — homepage",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.1984.hosting/about/",
          "title": "1984 Hosting — About / mission",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.1984.hosting/product/virtual-servers/",
          "title": "1984 Hosting — Virtual servers",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1984_Hosting",
          "title": "Wikipedia — 1984 Hosting (history and stance)",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        }
      ],
      "last_verified": "2026-05-12",
      "verified_by": "manual_check",
      "tags": [
        "recommended",
        "veteran",
        "iceland"
      ],
      "warnings": [],
      "summary": "Veteran Icelandic hosting cooperative — domains, shared, VPS, mail. Strong free-speech posture, ICANN-accredited registrar, 100 % Icelandic renewable-power infrastructure.",
      "same_as": [
        "https://www.1984.hosting/",
        "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1984_Hosting"
      ],
      "community_signals": [
        {
          "source": "LowEndTalk discussion",
          "url": "https://lowendtalk.com/search?Search=1984+hosting"
        },
        {
          "source": "Reddit r/selfhosted search",
          "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/selfhosted/search/?q=1984+hosting&restrict_sr=1"
        },
        {
          "source": "Tor Project — recommended ISPs",
          "url": "https://community.torproject.org/relay/community-resources/good-bad-isps/"
        },
        {
          "source": "Hacker News mentions of 1984.hosting",
          "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=1984.hosting"
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/1984hosting",
      "overall_score": 8.275
    },
    {
      "name": "Infomaniak",
      "slug": "infomaniak",
      "type": [
        "shared",
        "vps",
        "dedicated",
        "domains",
        "email",
        "object_storage"
      ],
      "jurisdiction": "Switzerland",
      "incorporated_in": "Switzerland",
      "operates_from": "Switzerland",
      "founded": 1994,
      "website": "https://www.infomaniak.com/",
      "status": "active",
      "dmca_policy": "resist",
      "dmca_notes": "Infomaniak is a Swiss host operating under Swiss law. Switzerland is not party to the US DMCA. Infomaniak's published transparency reports show that the company evaluates copyright complaints under Swiss law and does not auto-act on US-issued notices. Swiss courts require formally complete complaints; Swiss data-protection law (revFADP, post-2023) imposes additional procedural requirements.",
      "kyc_required": false,
      "anonymous_signup": false,
      "whois_privacy": true,
      "owns_domain_for_you": false,
      "accepts_email_only_signup": false,
      "payment_methods": [
        "credit_card",
        "paypal",
        "bank_transfer",
        "bitcoin"
      ],
      "payment_notes": "Card and bank transfer are the standard options. Bitcoin is supported. Not a no-KYC signup — Infomaniak is a regulated Swiss company. Listed here for jurisdiction (Switzerland) rather than anonymous signup.",
      "pricing": {
        "domain_com_year_usd": 17,
        "vps_entry_usd_month": 8,
        "vps_entry_specs": "Entry-tier VPS approximately CHF 6–8/mo for 1 vCPU / 1 GB RAM (verify exact tier at order time).",
        "shared_entry_usd_month": 6,
        "dedicated_entry_usd_month": 100
      },
      "datacenters": [
        "CH"
      ],
      "ipv6": true,
      "ddos_protection": true,
      "uptime_sla": 99.9,
      "ratings": {
        "privacy": 8.5,
        "dmca_resistance": 8,
        "reliability": 9.5,
        "value": 7,
        "support": 8.5
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.infomaniak.com/",
          "title": "Infomaniak — homepage",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.infomaniak.com/en/about/our-values",
          "title": "Infomaniak — Our values (privacy, sovereignty)",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.infomaniak.com/en/legal/transparency-report",
          "title": "Infomaniak — Transparency report",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        }
      ],
      "last_verified": "2026-05-12",
      "verified_by": "manual_check",
      "tags": [
        "switzerland",
        "established",
        "high-reliability",
        "transparency-report"
      ],
      "warnings": [
        "Not anonymous at signup — Infomaniak is a regulated Swiss company. Choose for jurisdiction (Switzerland) and operator reputation, not for signup anonymity."
      ],
      "summary": "Swiss full-stack host (since 1994) operating from Geneva. Strong Swiss-law jurisdiction, published transparency reports, ISP-grade reliability, full product line including domains, mail, VPS, dedicated and object storage. Not anonymous at signup.",
      "same_as": [
        "https://www.infomaniak.com/",
        "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infomaniak"
      ],
      "community_signals": [
        {
          "source": "Wikipedia (history)",
          "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infomaniak"
        },
        {
          "source": "Hacker News mentions of infomaniak.com",
          "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=infomaniak.com"
        },
        {
          "source": "Reddit r/Switzerland mentions",
          "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/Switzerland/search/?q=infomaniak&restrict_sr=1"
        },
        {
          "source": "Reddit r/selfhosted search",
          "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/selfhosted/search/?q=infomaniak&restrict_sr=1"
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/infomaniak",
      "overall_score": 8.274999999999999
    },
    {
      "name": "Njalla",
      "slug": "njalla",
      "type": [
        "domains",
        "vps"
      ],
      "jurisdiction": "Nevis (corporate); Sweden (operations)",
      "incorporated_in": "Saint Kitts and Nevis",
      "operates_from": "Sweden",
      "founded": 2017,
      "website": "https://njal.la/",
      "status": "active",
      "dmca_policy": "resist",
      "dmca_notes": "Njalla is the legal owner of domains it registers on a customer's behalf, which makes domain seizures harder for adversaries: a takedown party must convince Njalla rather than the customer's registrar. For VPS, abuse is reviewed case-by-case and Njalla pushes back on speculative or invalid notices.",
      "kyc_required": false,
      "anonymous_signup": true,
      "whois_privacy": true,
      "owns_domain_for_you": true,
      "accepts_email_only_signup": true,
      "payment_methods": [
        "monero",
        "bitcoin",
        "bitcoin_lightning",
        "litecoin",
        "ethereum",
        "cash_mail",
        "bank_transfer",
        "paypal",
        "credit_card"
      ],
      "payment_notes": "Cash and crypto are encouraged. Card and PayPal are processed but reduce anonymity. A deposit-balance model is used so per-service payments do not directly link to identity.",
      "pricing": {
        "domain_com_year_usd": 15,
        "domain_other_notes": ".com priced at €15/year as listed on njal.la price page (May 2026). Many TLDs cost more; always check checkout.",
        "vps_entry_usd_month": 15,
        "vps_entry_specs": "Entry-tier VPS (Mizu): 1 vCPU / 1 GB RAM / 25 GB SSD / 1 TB transfer (May 2026 listing)."
      },
      "datacenters": [
        "SE",
        "NL"
      ],
      "ipv6": true,
      "ddos_protection": false,
      "uptime_sla": null,
      "ratings": {
        "privacy": 9.5,
        "dmca_resistance": 8,
        "reliability": 8,
        "value": 6,
        "support": 7.5
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://njal.la/about/",
          "title": "Njalla — About",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://njal.la/legal/",
          "title": "Njalla — Legal page",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://njal.la/legal/dmca/",
          "title": "Njalla — DMCA policy",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://njal.la/vps/",
          "title": "Njalla — VPS pricing and specs",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://torrentfreak.com/pirate-bay-founder-launches-anonymous-domain-registration-service-170415/",
          "title": "TorrentFreak — Pirate Bay co-founder launches Njalla (2017 launch context)",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        }
      ],
      "last_verified": "2026-05-12",
      "verified_by": "tos_review",
      "tags": [
        "recommended",
        "veteran",
        "owns-on-behalf"
      ],
      "warnings": [],
      "summary": "Privacy-first registrar (and small VPS provider) co-founded by Peter Sunde. Njalla legally owns the domain on your behalf, accepts Monero / cash, and requires no real identity at signup.",
      "same_as": [
        "https://njal.la/",
        "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Njalla"
      ],
      "community_signals": [
        {
          "source": "Hacker News mentions of njal.la",
          "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=njal.la"
        },
        {
          "source": "Reddit r/privacy search",
          "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/privacy/search/?q=njalla&restrict_sr=1"
        },
        {
          "source": "Reddit r/selfhosted search",
          "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/selfhosted/search/?q=njalla&restrict_sr=1"
        },
        {
          "source": "TorrentFreak coverage",
          "url": "https://torrentfreak.com/?s=njalla"
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/njalla",
      "overall_score": 8.1
    },
    {
      "name": "OrangeWebsite",
      "slug": "orangewebsite",
      "type": [
        "shared",
        "vps",
        "dedicated"
      ],
      "jurisdiction": "Iceland",
      "incorporated_in": "Iceland",
      "operates_from": "Iceland",
      "founded": 2009,
      "website": "https://www.orangewebsite.com/",
      "status": "active",
      "dmca_policy": "ignore",
      "dmca_notes": "OrangeWebsite explicitly markets 'free speech hosting' under Icelandic law. Iceland does not implement the US DMCA. The provider does not act on DMCA-style notices that have no basis in Icelandic law. Hard limits (illegal-under-Icelandic-law content) still apply.",
      "kyc_required": false,
      "anonymous_signup": true,
      "whois_privacy": true,
      "owns_domain_for_you": false,
      "accepts_email_only_signup": true,
      "payment_methods": [
        "bitcoin",
        "litecoin",
        "other_crypto",
        "bank_transfer",
        "paypal",
        "credit_card"
      ],
      "payment_notes": "Crypto accepted via several chains. Monero is not advertised as a default payment method — verify at checkout. PayPal and card are also processed.",
      "pricing": {
        "vps_entry_usd_month": 12,
        "vps_entry_specs": "Entry-tier VPS roughly 1 vCPU / 1 GB RAM (verify exact tier at order time).",
        "shared_entry_usd_month": 5,
        "dedicated_entry_usd_month": 100
      },
      "datacenters": [
        "IS"
      ],
      "ipv6": true,
      "ddos_protection": true,
      "uptime_sla": 99.9,
      "ratings": {
        "privacy": 8.5,
        "dmca_resistance": 9,
        "reliability": 7.5,
        "value": 6.5,
        "support": 7
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.orangewebsite.com/",
          "title": "OrangeWebsite — homepage",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.orangewebsite.com/free-speech-hosting.php",
          "title": "OrangeWebsite — Free speech hosting page",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.orangewebsite.com/dmca-policy.php",
          "title": "OrangeWebsite — DMCA policy",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        }
      ],
      "last_verified": "2026-05-12",
      "verified_by": "manual_check",
      "tags": [
        "free-speech",
        "iceland",
        "established"
      ],
      "warnings": [],
      "summary": "Iceland-based shared / VPS / dedicated host that explicitly markets free-speech hosting and a DMCA-ignored posture under Icelandic law. Established 2009.",
      "same_as": [
        "https://www.orangewebsite.com/"
      ],
      "community_signals": [
        {
          "source": "LowEndTalk discussion",
          "url": "https://lowendtalk.com/search?Search=orangewebsite"
        },
        {
          "source": "Reddit r/webhosting search",
          "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/webhosting/search/?q=orangewebsite&restrict_sr=1"
        },
        {
          "source": "TorrentFreak coverage",
          "url": "https://torrentfreak.com/?s=orangewebsite"
        },
        {
          "source": "Hacker News mentions",
          "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=orangewebsite.com"
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/orangewebsite",
      "overall_score": 8.049999999999999
    },
    {
      "name": "Privex",
      "slug": "privex",
      "type": [
        "vps",
        "dedicated"
      ],
      "jurisdiction": "Belize (incorporated); operates in Sweden, Finland, the United States and the Czech Republic",
      "incorporated_in": "Belize",
      "operates_from": "Sweden / Finland / US / Czech Republic",
      "founded": 2017,
      "website": "https://www.privex.io/",
      "status": "active",
      "dmca_policy": "resist",
      "dmca_notes": "Privex was founded inside the crypto / privacy-tech community and markets explicit no-KYC, crypto-only signup. It does not act on US DMCA notices targeting non-US infrastructure. The US datacenter is subject to US law; pick the Sweden, Finland or Czech datacenters for higher takedown resistance.",
      "kyc_required": false,
      "anonymous_signup": true,
      "whois_privacy": false,
      "owns_domain_for_you": false,
      "accepts_email_only_signup": true,
      "payment_methods": [
        "monero",
        "bitcoin",
        "bitcoin_lightning",
        "litecoin",
        "ethereum",
        "other_crypto"
      ],
      "payment_notes": "Crypto-only. Privex was built specifically for the crypto community; fiat is not a primary payment rail. Monero, Bitcoin (incl. Lightning), Hive, EOS and several other chains are advertised.",
      "pricing": {
        "vps_entry_usd_month": 8,
        "vps_entry_specs": "Entry-tier VPS approximately $8/mo for 2 vCPU / 1 GB RAM (verify exact tier at order time).",
        "dedicated_entry_usd_month": 90
      },
      "datacenters": [
        "SE",
        "FI",
        "US",
        "CZ"
      ],
      "ipv6": true,
      "ddos_protection": false,
      "uptime_sla": null,
      "ratings": {
        "privacy": 9,
        "dmca_resistance": 7.5,
        "reliability": 7.5,
        "value": 8,
        "support": 7.5
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.privex.io/",
          "title": "Privex — homepage",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.privex.io/about/",
          "title": "Privex — About",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.privex.io/tos/",
          "title": "Privex — Terms of service",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        }
      ],
      "last_verified": "2026-05-12",
      "verified_by": "manual_check",
      "tags": [
        "crypto-only",
        "monero",
        "multi-jurisdiction"
      ],
      "warnings": [
        "US location is DMCA-bound. Pick Sweden / Finland / Czech Republic if takedown resistance is a priority."
      ],
      "summary": "Crypto-native VPS and dedicated server provider (since 2017) with no-KYC signup and crypto-only payment. Multi-jurisdiction (SE / FI / US / CZ) infrastructure, accepts Monero, Bitcoin, Lightning and several other chains.",
      "same_as": [
        "https://www.privex.io/"
      ],
      "community_signals": [
        {
          "source": "LowEndTalk discussion",
          "url": "https://lowendtalk.com/search?Search=privex"
        },
        {
          "source": "Reddit r/Hive search",
          "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/hive/search/?q=privex&restrict_sr=1",
          "note": "Privex is well-known in the Hive blockchain community as a witness-node host."
        },
        {
          "source": "Reddit r/selfhosted search",
          "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/selfhosted/search/?q=privex&restrict_sr=1"
        },
        {
          "source": "Hacker News mentions",
          "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=privex.io"
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/privex",
      "overall_score": 8.024999999999999
    },
    {
      "name": "TerraHost",
      "slug": "terrahost",
      "type": [
        "vps",
        "dedicated",
        "colocation"
      ],
      "jurisdiction": "Norway",
      "incorporated_in": "Norway",
      "operates_from": "Norway",
      "founded": 2008,
      "website": "https://terrahost.no/",
      "status": "active",
      "dmca_policy": "resist",
      "dmca_notes": "TerraHost operates from Norway, which is not in the EU and not party to the US DMCA. Norwegian copyright law (Åndsverkloven) applies. The provider does not act on extra-jurisdictional copyright complaints lacking Norwegian-court basis. Norway is in EFTA and party to the EEA agreement — some EU directives apply but DSA implementation lags EU-member timelines.",
      "kyc_required": false,
      "anonymous_signup": true,
      "whois_privacy": true,
      "owns_domain_for_you": false,
      "accepts_email_only_signup": true,
      "payment_methods": [
        "bitcoin",
        "litecoin",
        "ethereum",
        "other_crypto",
        "paypal",
        "credit_card",
        "bank_transfer"
      ],
      "payment_notes": "Bitcoin and other crypto, card, PayPal and bank transfer are advertised. Monero is not the default — confirm before purchase.",
      "pricing": {
        "vps_entry_usd_month": 5,
        "vps_entry_specs": "Entry-tier VPS approximately $5/mo for 1 vCPU / 1 GB RAM (verify exact tier at order time).",
        "dedicated_entry_usd_month": 65
      },
      "datacenters": [
        "NO"
      ],
      "ipv6": true,
      "ddos_protection": true,
      "uptime_sla": 99.95,
      "ratings": {
        "privacy": 8,
        "dmca_resistance": 8,
        "reliability": 8.5,
        "value": 8,
        "support": 7.5
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://terrahost.no/",
          "title": "TerraHost — homepage",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://terrahost.no/about",
          "title": "TerraHost — About",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        }
      ],
      "last_verified": "2026-05-12",
      "verified_by": "manual_check",
      "tags": [
        "norway",
        "non-eu",
        "established"
      ],
      "warnings": [],
      "summary": "Norway-based VPS, dedicated and colocation provider (since 2008). Non-EU jurisdiction with strong infrastructure, anonymous-friendly signup and crypto support. Less marketing focus on 'DMCA-ignored' than Iceland-based competitors but similar legal posture.",
      "same_as": [
        "https://terrahost.no/"
      ],
      "community_signals": [
        {
          "source": "LowEndTalk discussion",
          "url": "https://lowendtalk.com/search?Search=terrahost"
        },
        {
          "source": "Reddit r/Norway mentions",
          "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/Norway/search/?q=terrahost&restrict_sr=1"
        },
        {
          "source": "Reddit r/webhosting search",
          "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/webhosting/search/?q=terrahost&restrict_sr=1"
        },
        {
          "source": "Hacker News mentions",
          "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=terrahost.no"
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/terrahost",
      "overall_score": 8.024999999999999
    },
    {
      "name": "AlexHost",
      "slug": "alexhost",
      "type": [
        "shared",
        "vps",
        "dedicated"
      ],
      "jurisdiction": "Moldova",
      "incorporated_in": "Moldova",
      "operates_from": "Moldova",
      "founded": 2008,
      "website": "https://alexhost.com/",
      "status": "active",
      "dmca_policy": "ignore",
      "dmca_notes": "AlexHost operates from Moldova, which is not in the EU and does not implement the US DMCA. The provider explicitly markets DMCA-ignored hosting and offers a publicly stated policy of evaluating complaints under Moldovan law. Hard limits (CSAM, malware, content illegal under Moldovan law) apply.",
      "kyc_required": false,
      "anonymous_signup": true,
      "whois_privacy": true,
      "owns_domain_for_you": false,
      "accepts_email_only_signup": true,
      "payment_methods": [
        "bitcoin",
        "litecoin",
        "ethereum",
        "other_crypto",
        "paypal",
        "credit_card",
        "bank_transfer",
        "perfect_money"
      ],
      "payment_notes": "Multiple cryptocurrencies, PerfectMoney, card and bank transfer supported. Monero is not advertised as default — confirm before purchase.",
      "pricing": {
        "vps_entry_usd_month": 4,
        "vps_entry_specs": "Entry-tier VPS approximately $4/mo for 1 vCPU / 1 GB RAM (verify exact tier at order time).",
        "shared_entry_usd_month": 2,
        "dedicated_entry_usd_month": 60
      },
      "datacenters": [
        "MD"
      ],
      "ipv6": true,
      "ddos_protection": true,
      "uptime_sla": 99.9,
      "ratings": {
        "privacy": 8,
        "dmca_resistance": 8.5,
        "reliability": 7,
        "value": 9,
        "support": 6.5
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://alexhost.com/",
          "title": "AlexHost — homepage",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://alexhost.com/offshore-hosting/",
          "title": "AlexHost — Offshore hosting page",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://alexhost.com/dmca-ignored-hosting/",
          "title": "AlexHost — DMCA-ignored hosting",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        }
      ],
      "last_verified": "2026-05-12",
      "verified_by": "manual_check",
      "tags": [
        "moldova",
        "value",
        "established",
        "non-eu"
      ],
      "warnings": [
        "Moldova is geopolitically adjacent to active conflict zones — assess infrastructure-stability risk for long-running production workloads."
      ],
      "summary": "Moldova-based offshore host (since 2008) with notably aggressive pricing and explicit DMCA-ignored marketing. Non-EU jurisdiction; useful when EU venues are too close to the regulatory pressure you're trying to escape.",
      "same_as": [
        "https://alexhost.com/"
      ],
      "community_signals": [
        {
          "source": "LowEndTalk discussion",
          "url": "https://lowendtalk.com/search?Search=alexhost"
        },
        {
          "source": "Reddit r/webhosting search",
          "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/webhosting/search/?q=alexhost&restrict_sr=1"
        },
        {
          "source": "WebHostingTalk discussion",
          "url": "https://www.webhostingtalk.com/search.php?searchid=&query=alexhost"
        },
        {
          "source": "Hacker News mentions",
          "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=alexhost.com"
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/alexhost",
      "overall_score": 7.999999999999999
    },
    {
      "name": "Bahnhof",
      "slug": "bahnhof",
      "type": [
        "vps",
        "dedicated",
        "colocation",
        "shared"
      ],
      "jurisdiction": "Sweden",
      "incorporated_in": "Sweden",
      "operates_from": "Sweden",
      "founded": 1994,
      "website": "https://www.bahnhof.net/",
      "status": "active",
      "dmca_policy": "resist",
      "dmca_notes": "Bahnhof is famous for its public refusal to log customer traffic under the EU Data Retention Directive (a position later vindicated by the CJEU's invalidation of the directive). It hosted WikiLeaks at its Pionen datacenter (a converted nuclear bunker in Stockholm). DMCA notices have no statutory effect against Bahnhof under Swedish law; the company evaluates complaints under Swedish jurisdiction. Acts on Swedish court orders.",
      "kyc_required": false,
      "anonymous_signup": false,
      "whois_privacy": true,
      "owns_domain_for_you": false,
      "accepts_email_only_signup": false,
      "payment_methods": [
        "bank_transfer",
        "credit_card"
      ],
      "payment_notes": "Bahnhof is a mainstream Swedish ISP and does not market itself as an anonymous host. Crypto and cash are not standard payment methods. Listed here for its legal posture (Sweden, anti-data-retention) rather than anonymous signup.",
      "pricing": {
        "vps_entry_usd_month": 12,
        "shared_entry_usd_month": 5,
        "dedicated_entry_usd_month": 90
      },
      "datacenters": [
        "SE"
      ],
      "ipv6": true,
      "ddos_protection": true,
      "uptime_sla": 99.95,
      "ratings": {
        "privacy": 7.5,
        "dmca_resistance": 8.5,
        "reliability": 9.5,
        "value": 6.5,
        "support": 8
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.bahnhof.net/",
          "title": "Bahnhof — homepage",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.bahnhof.net/about-us",
          "title": "Bahnhof — About / privacy stance",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahnhof_(company)",
          "title": "Wikipedia — Bahnhof (WikiLeaks hosting, data retention)",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.bahnhof.net/integritet",
          "title": "Bahnhof — Integrity / privacy policy",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        }
      ],
      "last_verified": "2026-05-12",
      "verified_by": "manual_check",
      "tags": [
        "recommended",
        "veteran",
        "sweden",
        "established",
        "high-reliability"
      ],
      "warnings": [
        "Not anonymous at signup — Bahnhof is a regulated Swedish ISP. Choose Bahnhof for jurisdiction and operator reputation, not for signup anonymity."
      ],
      "summary": "Swedish ISP and data-center operator (since 1994) famous for hosting WikiLeaks and for its public refusal to log customer traffic under the EU Data Retention Directive. Real-name signup but extremely strong jurisdictional and legal posture.",
      "same_as": [
        "https://www.bahnhof.net/",
        "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahnhof_(company)"
      ],
      "community_signals": [
        {
          "source": "Wikipedia (history + WikiLeaks Pionen DC)",
          "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahnhof_(company)"
        },
        {
          "source": "Hacker News mentions of bahnhof.net",
          "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=bahnhof.net"
        },
        {
          "source": "Hacker News — Pionen datacenter",
          "url": "https://hn.algolia.com/?q=pionen+datacenter"
        },
        {
          "source": "Reddit r/sweden mentions",
          "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/sweden/search/?q=bahnhof&restrict_sr=1"
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/bahnhof",
      "overall_score": 7.999999999999999
    },
    {
      "name": "AbeloHost",
      "slug": "abelohost",
      "type": [
        "shared",
        "vps",
        "dedicated"
      ],
      "jurisdiction": "Netherlands",
      "incorporated_in": "Netherlands",
      "operates_from": "Netherlands",
      "founded": 2014,
      "website": "https://abelohost.com/",
      "status": "active",
      "dmca_policy": "ignore",
      "dmca_notes": "AbeloHost explicitly markets DMCA-ignored hosting under Dutch law. The Netherlands does not implement the US DMCA; complaints are evaluated under EU directives and Dutch implementing law, which have different procedural standards. Hard limits (CSAM, content illegal under Dutch law) apply.",
      "kyc_required": false,
      "anonymous_signup": true,
      "whois_privacy": true,
      "owns_domain_for_you": false,
      "accepts_email_only_signup": true,
      "payment_methods": [
        "bitcoin",
        "litecoin",
        "ethereum",
        "other_crypto",
        "paypal",
        "credit_card",
        "bank_transfer",
        "perfect_money"
      ],
      "payment_notes": "Multiple cryptocurrencies and Perfect Money are advertised. Monero is not the default — confirm before purchase.",
      "pricing": {
        "vps_entry_usd_month": 10,
        "vps_entry_specs": "Entry-tier VPS ~$10/mo for 1 vCPU / 1 GB RAM (verify exact tier at checkout).",
        "shared_entry_usd_month": 4,
        "dedicated_entry_usd_month": 80
      },
      "datacenters": [
        "NL"
      ],
      "ipv6": true,
      "ddos_protection": true,
      "uptime_sla": 99.9,
      "ratings": {
        "privacy": 8,
        "dmca_resistance": 8.5,
        "reliability": 7.5,
        "value": 7.5,
        "support": 7
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://abelohost.com/",
          "title": "AbeloHost — homepage",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://abelohost.com/offshore-hosting",
          "title": "AbeloHost — Offshore hosting page",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://abelohost.com/dmca-ignored-hosting",
          "title": "AbeloHost — DMCA-ignored hosting page",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        }
      ],
      "last_verified": "2026-05-12",
      "verified_by": "manual_check",
      "tags": [
        "netherlands",
        "offshore",
        "established"
      ],
      "warnings": [],
      "summary": "Dutch host explicitly marketing DMCA-ignored hosting since 2014. Single-jurisdiction Netherlands operation with shared, VPS and dedicated tiers; accepts crypto and Perfect Money, supports anonymous signup.",
      "same_as": [
        "https://abelohost.com/"
      ],
      "community_signals": [
        {
          "source": "LowEndTalk discussion",
          "url": "https://lowendtalk.com/search?Search=abelohost"
        },
        {
          "source": "Reddit r/webhosting search",
          "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/webhosting/search/?q=abelohost&restrict_sr=1"
        },
        {
          "source": "WebHostingTalk discussion",
          "url": "https://www.webhostingtalk.com/search.php?searchid=&query=abelohost"
        },
        {
          "source": "Hacker News mentions",
          "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=abelohost.com"
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/abelohost",
      "overall_score": 7.8999999999999995
    },
    {
      "name": "HostSailor",
      "slug": "hostsailor",
      "type": [
        "shared",
        "vps",
        "dedicated"
      ],
      "jurisdiction": "Romania (operations); incorporated UAE",
      "incorporated_in": "United Arab Emirates",
      "operates_from": "Romania",
      "founded": 2013,
      "website": "https://www.hostsailor.com/",
      "status": "active",
      "dmca_policy": "ignore",
      "dmca_notes": "HostSailor operates primarily from Romania and explicitly markets offshore / DMCA-ignored hosting. Romania, while an EU member, does not implement the US DMCA and has a track record of being slower to enforce extra-jurisdictional copyright complaints than Western EU members. HostSailor publishes a DMCA policy explaining that notices have no statutory effect; complaints are evaluated under Romanian implementing law.",
      "kyc_required": false,
      "anonymous_signup": true,
      "whois_privacy": true,
      "owns_domain_for_you": false,
      "accepts_email_only_signup": true,
      "payment_methods": [
        "bitcoin",
        "litecoin",
        "ethereum",
        "other_crypto",
        "paypal",
        "credit_card",
        "bank_transfer",
        "perfect_money"
      ],
      "payment_notes": "Crypto, PerfectMoney, card and bank transfer supported. Monero not advertised as default — confirm before purchase.",
      "pricing": {
        "vps_entry_usd_month": 5,
        "vps_entry_specs": "Entry-tier VPS ~$5/mo for 1 vCPU / 1 GB RAM (verify exact tier at checkout).",
        "shared_entry_usd_month": 3,
        "dedicated_entry_usd_month": 60
      },
      "datacenters": [
        "RO",
        "NL"
      ],
      "ipv6": true,
      "ddos_protection": true,
      "uptime_sla": 99.9,
      "ratings": {
        "privacy": 7.5,
        "dmca_resistance": 8.5,
        "reliability": 7.5,
        "value": 8.5,
        "support": 7
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.hostsailor.com/",
          "title": "HostSailor — homepage",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.hostsailor.com/offshore-hosting/",
          "title": "HostSailor — Offshore hosting page",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.hostsailor.com/legal/dmca-policy/",
          "title": "HostSailor — DMCA policy",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        }
      ],
      "last_verified": "2026-05-12",
      "verified_by": "manual_check",
      "tags": [
        "romania",
        "offshore",
        "value"
      ],
      "warnings": [],
      "summary": "Romania-based offshore host (since 2013, incorporated UAE) advertising DMCA-ignored hosting. Strong price-per-spec, anonymous signup, crypto support; Netherlands datacenter also available.",
      "same_as": [
        "https://www.hostsailor.com/"
      ],
      "community_signals": [
        {
          "source": "LowEndTalk discussion",
          "url": "https://lowendtalk.com/search?Search=hostsailor"
        },
        {
          "source": "Reddit r/webhosting search",
          "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/webhosting/search/?q=hostsailor&restrict_sr=1"
        },
        {
          "source": "WebHostingTalk discussion",
          "url": "https://www.webhostingtalk.com/search.php?searchid=&query=hostsailor"
        },
        {
          "source": "Hacker News mentions",
          "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=hostsailor.com"
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/hostsailor",
      "overall_score": 7.8999999999999995
    },
    {
      "name": "Shinjiru",
      "slug": "shinjiru",
      "type": [
        "shared",
        "vps",
        "dedicated",
        "domains"
      ],
      "jurisdiction": "Malaysia",
      "incorporated_in": "Malaysia",
      "operates_from": "Malaysia (HQ); also markets locations in Russia, the Netherlands and Lithuania",
      "founded": 1998,
      "website": "https://shinjiru.com/",
      "status": "active",
      "dmca_policy": "ignore",
      "dmca_notes": "Shinjiru explicitly markets 'offshore' and 'anonymous' hosting. It operates from Malaysia, which does not implement the US DMCA, and offers customer-facing options to deploy in additional jurisdictions chosen for similar reasons. DMCA notices are not acted on as a matter of US copyright law; complaints are evaluated under the law of the chosen datacenter.",
      "kyc_required": false,
      "anonymous_signup": true,
      "whois_privacy": true,
      "owns_domain_for_you": false,
      "accepts_email_only_signup": true,
      "payment_methods": [
        "bitcoin",
        "litecoin",
        "ethereum",
        "other_crypto",
        "paypal",
        "credit_card",
        "bank_transfer"
      ],
      "payment_notes": "Multiple cryptocurrencies are advertised. Monero is not advertised as a default option — confirm before purchase.",
      "pricing": {
        "domain_com_year_usd": 16,
        "vps_entry_usd_month": 15,
        "vps_entry_specs": "Entry tier ~$15/mo for 1 vCPU / 1 GB RAM in Malaysia DC.",
        "shared_entry_usd_month": 6,
        "dedicated_entry_usd_month": 110
      },
      "datacenters": [
        "MY",
        "NL",
        "RU",
        "LT"
      ],
      "ipv6": true,
      "ddos_protection": true,
      "uptime_sla": 99.9,
      "ratings": {
        "privacy": 8,
        "dmca_resistance": 8.5,
        "reliability": 7,
        "value": 6.5,
        "support": 7
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://shinjiru.com/",
          "title": "Shinjiru — homepage",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://shinjiru.com/offshore-hosting",
          "title": "Shinjiru — Offshore hosting overview",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://shinjiru.com/dmca-ignored-hosting",
          "title": "Shinjiru — DMCA-ignored hosting page",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        }
      ],
      "last_verified": "2026-05-12",
      "verified_by": "manual_check",
      "tags": [
        "established",
        "multi-jurisdiction",
        "malaysia"
      ],
      "warnings": [
        "Marketing leans heavily on 'offshore / anonymous' framing; cross-check that the specific product you order matches the advertised posture before committing to a yearly plan."
      ],
      "summary": "Malaysia-headquartered offshore host (since 1998) offering shared, VPS, dedicated and domain registration across Malaysia, the Netherlands, Russia and Lithuania. Explicitly markets DMCA-ignored hosting; supports anonymous signup and crypto.",
      "same_as": [
        "https://shinjiru.com/"
      ],
      "community_signals": [
        {
          "source": "LowEndTalk discussion",
          "url": "https://lowendtalk.com/search?Search=shinjiru"
        },
        {
          "source": "Reddit r/webhosting search",
          "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/webhosting/search/?q=shinjiru&restrict_sr=1"
        },
        {
          "source": "WebHostingTalk discussion",
          "url": "https://www.webhostingtalk.com/search.php?searchid=&query=shinjiru"
        },
        {
          "source": "Hacker News mentions",
          "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=shinjiru.com"
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/shinjiru",
      "overall_score": 7.674999999999999
    },
    {
      "name": "HostHatch",
      "slug": "hosthatch",
      "type": [
        "vps",
        "dedicated",
        "object_storage"
      ],
      "jurisdiction": "Hong Kong (HQ); operates in 17+ global locations",
      "incorporated_in": "Hong Kong",
      "operates_from": "Multiple — IS, NL, RO, FI, SE, US, SG, IN, AU, others",
      "founded": 2011,
      "website": "https://hosthatch.com/",
      "status": "active",
      "dmca_policy": "partial",
      "dmca_notes": "HostHatch is a global multi-location KVM VPS provider whose DMCA posture varies by datacenter. EU-only locations (e.g. Iceland, Romania, Finland) have very different takedown exposure than US locations. HostHatch as a company evaluates complaints against the relevant local law of the chosen DC. The provider is not advertised as 'DMCA-ignored' but is well-regarded as content-permissive in non-US datacenters.",
      "kyc_required": false,
      "anonymous_signup": true,
      "whois_privacy": false,
      "owns_domain_for_you": false,
      "accepts_email_only_signup": true,
      "payment_methods": [
        "bitcoin",
        "bitcoin_lightning",
        "litecoin",
        "other_crypto",
        "paypal",
        "credit_card"
      ],
      "payment_notes": "Crypto support is broad and well-integrated. Monero is not the default — confirm before purchase. Card and PayPal also processed.",
      "pricing": {
        "vps_entry_usd_month": 2,
        "vps_entry_specs": "Entry tier from $2/mo (annual prepay): 1 vCPU / 1 GB RAM / 25 GB NVMe (varies by location).",
        "dedicated_entry_usd_month": 50
      },
      "datacenters": [
        "IS",
        "NL",
        "RO",
        "FI",
        "SE",
        "DE",
        "PL",
        "GB",
        "US-NY",
        "US-LA",
        "US-CHI",
        "SG",
        "AU",
        "IN",
        "ZA"
      ],
      "ipv6": true,
      "ddos_protection": true,
      "uptime_sla": 99.9,
      "ratings": {
        "privacy": 7,
        "dmca_resistance": 6.5,
        "reliability": 8.5,
        "value": 9.5,
        "support": 8
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://hosthatch.com/",
          "title": "HostHatch — homepage",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://hosthatch.com/locations",
          "title": "HostHatch — Datacenter locations",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://hosthatch.com/tos",
          "title": "HostHatch — Terms of Service",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://lowendtalk.com/categories/hosthatch",
          "title": "LowEndTalk — HostHatch community discussion",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        }
      ],
      "last_verified": "2026-05-12",
      "verified_by": "manual_check",
      "tags": [
        "multi-jurisdiction",
        "value",
        "established"
      ],
      "warnings": [
        "Not advertised as DMCA-ignored. Pick non-US datacenters (IS, NL, RO, FI, SE) for higher takedown resistance."
      ],
      "summary": "Long-running global KVM VPS provider (since 2011) with 15+ datacenter locations including Iceland, Romania, Finland, the Netherlands and Sweden. Strong value, broad crypto support, content-permissive in non-US locations.",
      "same_as": [
        "https://hosthatch.com/",
        "https://lowendtalk.com/categories/hosthatch"
      ],
      "community_signals": [
        {
          "source": "LowEndTalk — HostHatch category",
          "url": "https://lowendtalk.com/categories/hosthatch",
          "note": "Highly active operator presence; one of the most-discussed VPS providers on LET."
        },
        {
          "source": "Reddit r/lowendtalk",
          "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/lowendtalk/search/?q=hosthatch&restrict_sr=1"
        },
        {
          "source": "Reddit r/selfhosted search",
          "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/selfhosted/search/?q=hosthatch&restrict_sr=1"
        },
        {
          "source": "Hacker News mentions",
          "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=hosthatch.com"
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/hosthatch",
      "overall_score": 7.549999999999999
    },
    {
      "name": "BuyVM (Frantech)",
      "slug": "buyvm",
      "type": [
        "vps",
        "dedicated",
        "object_storage"
      ],
      "jurisdiction": "Canada (parent: Frantech Solutions); operates in US, Luxembourg, Miami, Las Vegas",
      "incorporated_in": "Canada",
      "operates_from": "United States / Luxembourg",
      "founded": 2010,
      "website": "https://buyvm.net/",
      "status": "active",
      "dmca_policy": "partial",
      "dmca_notes": "BuyVM operates US infrastructure and therefore receives and acts on valid DMCA notices in its US locations. Its Luxembourg location is generally regarded as more permissive. The company is publicly content-permissive (it has hosted projects rejected by mainstream providers such as Kiwi Farms in the past) and is known for not pulling customers reflexively over a single complaint, but it is not a true 'DMCA-ignored' host.",
      "kyc_required": false,
      "anonymous_signup": true,
      "whois_privacy": false,
      "owns_domain_for_you": false,
      "accepts_email_only_signup": true,
      "payment_methods": [
        "bitcoin",
        "bitcoin_lightning",
        "litecoin",
        "ethereum",
        "other_crypto",
        "paypal",
        "credit_card"
      ],
      "payment_notes": "BuyVM has accepted crypto for over a decade. Monero is not currently advertised as a first-class option — verify at checkout. Card and PayPal are routine.",
      "pricing": {
        "vps_entry_usd_month": 2,
        "vps_entry_specs": "KVM 'Slice 1024': 1 vCPU / 1 GB RAM / 20 GB NVMe / 1 Gbps unmetered (May 2026 listing).",
        "dedicated_entry_usd_month": 65
      },
      "datacenters": [
        "US-NY",
        "US-NV",
        "US-FL",
        "LU"
      ],
      "ipv6": true,
      "ddos_protection": true,
      "uptime_sla": null,
      "ratings": {
        "privacy": 6.5,
        "dmca_resistance": 6,
        "reliability": 9,
        "value": 9.5,
        "support": 8.5
      },
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://buyvm.net/",
          "title": "BuyVM — homepage",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://buyvm.net/kvm-dedicated-server-slices/",
          "title": "BuyVM — KVM Slices pricing",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://buyvm.net/aup/",
          "title": "BuyVM — Acceptable Use Policy",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://lowendtalk.com/categories/buyvm",
          "title": "LowEndTalk — long-running BuyVM community discussion",
          "accessed": "2026-05-12"
        }
      ],
      "last_verified": "2026-05-12",
      "verified_by": "manual_check",
      "tags": [
        "high-value",
        "established",
        "content-permissive"
      ],
      "warnings": [
        "US infrastructure is subject to DMCA — pick the Luxembourg location for higher takedown resistance."
      ],
      "summary": "Long-running KVM VPS provider with a strong reputation in the privacy / opsec community for being content-permissive and crypto-friendly. Excellent value at the entry tier, but US locations remain DMCA-bound.",
      "same_as": [
        "https://buyvm.net/",
        "https://lowendtalk.com/categories/buyvm"
      ],
      "community_signals": [
        {
          "source": "LowEndTalk — BuyVM category",
          "url": "https://lowendtalk.com/categories/buyvm",
          "note": "Hundreds of threads spanning 10+ years; highly active operator presence."
        },
        {
          "source": "Reddit r/lowendtalk",
          "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/lowendtalk/search/?q=buyvm&restrict_sr=1"
        },
        {
          "source": "Reddit r/selfhosted search",
          "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/selfhosted/search/?q=buyvm&restrict_sr=1"
        },
        {
          "source": "Hacker News mentions",
          "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=buyvm.net"
        }
      ],
      "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/buyvm",
      "overall_score": 7.375
    }
  ]
}