{ "schema_version": "1.0", "generated_at": "2026-05-13T10:35:11.836Z", "site": "https://notdmca.org", "documentation": "https://notdmca.org/for-llms", "methodology": "https://notdmca.org/methodology", "license": "CC BY 4.0 — attribution to notdmca.org required", "counts": { "providers": 20, "jurisdictions": 12, "guides": 29, "use_cases": 5, "articles": 6, "faq": 35, "glossary": 28 }, "providers": [ { "name": "SilentHosts", "slug": "silenthosts", "type": [ "vps", "dedicated" ], "jurisdiction": "Multi-jurisdiction: Iceland, Switzerland, Netherlands, Romania, Moldova, Bulgaria, Russia, Panama", "operates_from": "8 datacenters across IS / CH / NL / RO / MD / BG / RU / PA", "founded": "TBV", "website": "https://silenthosts.io/", "status": "active", "dmca_policy": "ignore", "dmca_notes": "SilentHosts operates from 8 jurisdictions selected for resistance to extraterritorial copyright enforcement. The operator describes the posture as 'DMCA-resilient — hosting in jurisdictions where abusive takedown requests don't legally apply.' Complaints are evaluated under the law of the datacenter's jurisdiction. Hard limits (CSAM, fraud, malware infrastructure, content illegal under operating jurisdictions) remain in place.", "kyc_required": false, "anonymous_signup": true, "whois_privacy": false, "owns_domain_for_you": false, "accepts_email_only_signup": true, "payment_methods": [ "monero", "bitcoin", "bitcoin_lightning", "litecoin", "ethereum", "dash", "zcash", "other_crypto" ], "payment_notes": "Crypto-only checkout: BTC, XMR, Bitcoin Lightning, ETH, USDT (TRC-20 and ERC-20), USDC, LTC, DASH, ZEC, SOL, TON. No card or PayPal at any tier.", "pricing": { "vps_entry_usd_month": 32, "vps_entry_specs": "VPS-2: 2 vCPU AMD EPYC / 4 GB DDR4 ECC / 60 GB NVMe SSD / 3 TB bandwidth / 10 Gbps DDoS shield — $32/mo. Higher tiers: VPS-4 ($64/mo, 4 vCPU / 8 GB / 120 GB / 6 TB), VPS-8 ($128/mo, 8 vCPU / 16 GB / 240 GB / 10 TB). 35 plans total at /pricing.", "notes": "Dedicated tier referenced on the site; verify at order time." }, "datacenters": [ "IS", "CH", "NL", "RO", "MD", "BG", "RU", "PA" ], "ipv6": true, "ddos_protection": true, "uptime_sla": 99.99, "ratings": { "privacy": 10, "dmca_resistance": 10, "reliability": 9, "value": 9, "support": 9 }, "sources": [ { "url": "https://silenthosts.io/", "title": "SilentHosts — homepage", "accessed": "2026-05-13" }, { "url": "https://silenthosts.io/pricing", "title": "SilentHosts — pricing", "accessed": "2026-05-13" } ], "last_verified": "2026-05-13", "verified_by": "manual_check", "tags": [ "recommended", "multi-jurisdiction", "offshore", "crypto-only", "ddos-protected" ], "warnings": [], "summary": "Offshore VPS / dedicated host across 8 datacenters (IS / CH / NL / RO / MD / BG / RU / PA). VPS-2 from $32/mo with 10 Gbps DDoS shield and 99.99% SLA. Crypto-only checkout (BTC / XMR / Lightning / ETH / USDT / LTC / DASH / ZEC / SOL / TON); email-only signup, no KYC.", "same_as": [ "https://silenthosts.io/" ], "community_signals": [ { "source": "Reddit r/privacy search", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/privacy/search/?q=silenthosts&restrict_sr=1" }, { "source": "Reddit r/selfhosted search", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/selfhosted/search/?q=silenthosts&restrict_sr=1" }, { "source": "Hacker News mentions", "url": "https://hn.algolia.com/?q=silenthosts" } ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/silenthosts", "overall_score": 9.6 }, { "name": "BulletHost", "slug": "bullethost", "type": [ "vps", "dedicated" ], "jurisdiction": "Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan", "operates_from": "Moscow / St Petersburg (RU) / Minsk (BY) / Almaty (KZ)", "founded": "TBV", "website": "https://bullethost.io/", "status": "active", "dmca_policy": "ignore", "dmca_notes": "BulletHost operates infrastructure in Russia (Moscow and St Petersburg), Belarus (Minsk) and Kazakhstan (Almaty). The operator's published policy: 'DMCA-format takedowns from US senders are not processed.' Only legally-binding requests from courts of competent jurisdiction in RU / BY / KZ are honored. Hard limits (CSAM, fraud, malware infrastructure, content illegal under operating jurisdictions) remain in place.", "kyc_required": false, "anonymous_signup": true, "whois_privacy": false, "owns_domain_for_you": false, "accepts_email_only_signup": true, "payment_methods": [ "monero", "bitcoin", "other_crypto" ], "payment_notes": "Crypto-only checkout via self-hosted BTCPay. Accepted: BTC, USDT (TRC-20), XMR. No card or PayPal.", "pricing": { "vps_entry_usd_month": 19, "vps_entry_specs": "VPS-2: 2 vCPU / 4 GB DDR4 ECC / 60 GB NVMe SSD — $19/mo (St Petersburg). Higher VPS tiers: VPS-4 ($37/mo, 4 vCPU / 8 GB / 120 GB), VPS-8 ($74/mo, 8 vCPU / 16 GB / 240 GB). Five VPS tiers total in the $10–$148/mo range.", "dedicated_entry_usd_month": 99, "notes": "Dedicated tiers: ds-lite $99/mo; ds-mid $179/mo (Ryzen 9 5950X / 64 GB / 2×1 TB NVMe RAID-1); ds-anon-mid $199/mo (same iron as ds-mid, configured for higher anonymity guarantees); ds-pro $289/mo (24 cores / 128 GB / 2×2 TB / 200 Gbps DDoS shield); ds-beast $519/mo. Per the TOS, no government ID is required at standard signup across the catalog — the 'anonymous' dedicated tier is a stronger-anonymity product configuration, not a contrast against a KYC standard tier." }, "datacenters": [ "RU-MOW", "RU-LED", "BY", "KZ" ], "ipv6": true, "ddos_protection": true, "uptime_sla": null, "ratings": { "privacy": 10, "dmca_resistance": 10, "reliability": 8, "value": 8.5, "support": 7.5 }, "sources": [ { "url": "https://bullethost.io/", "title": "BulletHost — homepage", "accessed": "2026-05-13" }, { "url": "https://bullethost.io/pricing", "title": "BulletHost — pricing", "accessed": "2026-05-13" } ], "last_verified": "2026-05-13", "verified_by": "manual_check", "tags": [ "recommended", "offshore-vps", "crypto-only", "russia", "belarus", "kazakhstan", "ddos-protected" ], "warnings": [ "Russia / Belarus / Kazakhstan jurisdictions carry distinct geopolitical considerations vs Western European offshore options — pick this provider when those are the right jurisdictions for your threat model." ], "summary": "Offshore VPS / dedicated host in Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan. VPS-2 from $19/mo; dedicated from $99/mo. No KYC at signup across the catalog; crypto-only checkout (BTC / USDT / XMR) via self-hosted BTCPay; 100 Gbps DDoS shield standard, 200 Gbps on ds-pro.", "same_as": [ "https://bullethost.io/" ], "community_signals": [ { "source": "Reddit r/privacy search", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/privacy/search/?q=bullethost&restrict_sr=1" }, { "source": "Reddit r/selfhosted search", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/selfhosted/search/?q=bullethost&restrict_sr=1" }, { "source": "Hacker News mentions", "url": "https://hn.algolia.com/?q=bullethost" } ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/bullethost", "overall_score": 9.225 }, { "name": "XMRHost", "slug": "xmrhost", "type": [ "vps", "dedicated" ], "jurisdiction": "Iceland and Romania", "operates_from": "Iceland / Romania", "founded": "TBV", "website": "https://xmrhost.io/", "status": "active", "dmca_policy": "ignore", "dmca_notes": "XMRHost operates from Iceland and Romania — neither implements the US DMCA notice-and-takedown statute. The operator's published policy: 'Operator does not process DMCA-format takedowns; complaints under Iceland Höfundalög and Romania Law 8/1996 are addressed.' Court orders are accepted only via counsel.", "kyc_required": false, "anonymous_signup": true, "whois_privacy": false, "owns_domain_for_you": false, "accepts_email_only_signup": true, "payment_methods": [ "monero", "bitcoin", "bitcoin_lightning", "litecoin", "ethereum", "cash_mail", "other_crypto" ], "payment_notes": "Monero is the headline payment method and brand identity. Also accepts Bitcoin (on-chain and Lightning), Litecoin, Ethereum, USDT. 'Card2crypto' is explicitly not offered. Cash by mail is available case-by-case.", "pricing": { "vps_entry_usd_month": 16, "vps_entry_specs": "vps-2: 2 vCPU / 4 GB DDR4 ECC — $16/mo. Specialised plans: tor-1 ($20/mo, 1 vCPU / 2 GB DDR4, Tor hidden service), i2p-1 ($16/mo, 1 vCPU / 2 GB, I2P node), lokinet-1 ($27/mo, 2 vCPU / 4 GB, Lokinet exit). 17 plans total across 6 categories at /node.", "notes": "Dedicated tier exists at /node/dedicated; verify exact pricing at order time." }, "datacenters": [ "IS", "RO" ], "ipv6": true, "ddos_protection": false, "uptime_sla": null, "ratings": { "privacy": 10, "dmca_resistance": 10, "reliability": 8, "value": 8.5, "support": 7.5 }, "sources": [ { "url": "https://xmrhost.io/", "title": "XMRHost — homepage", "accessed": "2026-05-13" }, { "url": "https://xmrhost.io/node", "title": "XMRHost — node catalog (VPS / Tor / I2P / Lokinet / dedicated)", "accessed": "2026-05-13" } ], "last_verified": "2026-05-13", "verified_by": "manual_check", "tags": [ "recommended", "monero-first", "tor-hidden-service", "i2p", "lokinet", "iceland", "romania" ], "warnings": [], "summary": "Monero-first offshore VPS / dedicated in Iceland and Romania. Specialised plans for Tor hidden services (tor-1 $20/mo), I2P, Lokinet; vps-2 from $16/mo. Crypto-only checkout (XMR / BTC / Lightning / LTC / ETH / USDT); no-KYC; cash by mail case-by-case.", "same_as": [ "https://xmrhost.io/" ], "community_signals": [ { "source": "Reddit r/Monero search", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/Monero/search/?q=xmrhost&restrict_sr=1" }, { "source": "Reddit r/privacy search", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/privacy/search/?q=xmrhost&restrict_sr=1" }, { "source": "Hacker News mentions", "url": "https://hn.algolia.com/?q=xmrhost" } ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/xmrhost", "overall_score": 9.225 }, { "name": "OffshorePress", "slug": "offshorepress", "type": [ "vps", "dedicated" ], "jurisdiction": "Iceland and Switzerland", "operates_from": "Iceland (Reykjavik) / Switzerland (Zurich)", "founded": "TBV", "website": "https://offshorepress.io/", "status": "active", "dmca_policy": "ignore", "dmca_notes": "OffshorePress is positioned for independent-media and press-freedom use cases. Infrastructure in Iceland (Reykjavik) and Switzerland (Zurich) — two jurisdictions outside the US DMCA regime and outside aggressive EU enforcement. The operator states 'No DMCA forwarding — foreign takedown notices have no procedural standing in the operating jurisdictions.' Complaints are evaluated under Icelandic and Swiss law.", "kyc_required": false, "anonymous_signup": true, "whois_privacy": false, "owns_domain_for_you": false, "accepts_email_only_signup": true, "payment_methods": [ "monero", "bitcoin", "bitcoin_lightning", "other_crypto" ], "payment_notes": "Crypto-only checkout. Monero (XMR), Bitcoin Lightning and on-chain Bitcoin accepted. No fiat option disclosed.", "pricing": { "vps_entry_usd_month": 8, "vps_entry_specs": "VPS-1: 1 vCPU (AMD EPYC) / 2 GB DDR4 ECC RAM / 25 GB NVMe SSD — $8/month. Higher tiers: VPS-2 ($16/mo, 2 vCPU / 4 GB / 60 GB), VPS-4 ($32/mo, 4 vCPU / 8 GB / 120 GB), VPS-8 ($64/mo, 8 vCPU / 16 GB / 240 GB).", "notes": "Carriers: Síminn (Iceland), Init7 (Switzerland). Dedicated tier referenced on the site; verify exact pricing at order time." }, "datacenters": [ "IS", "CH" ], "ipv6": true, "ddos_protection": false, "uptime_sla": null, "ratings": { "privacy": 10, "dmca_resistance": 10, "reliability": 8, "value": 8, "support": 8 }, "sources": [ { "url": "https://offshorepress.io/", "title": "OffshorePress — homepage", "accessed": "2026-05-13" }, { "url": "https://offshorepress.io/pricing", "title": "OffshorePress — pricing", "accessed": "2026-05-13" } ], "last_verified": "2026-05-13", "verified_by": "manual_check", "tags": [ "recommended", "press-freedom", "free-speech", "iceland", "switzerland", "crypto-only" ], "warnings": [], "summary": "Press-freedom-positioned offshore VPS / dedicated host with infrastructure in Iceland (Reykjavik) and Switzerland (Zurich). VPS-1 from $8/mo (1 vCPU / 2 GB / 25 GB). Crypto-only checkout, no-KYC signup, no DMCA forwarding.", "same_as": [ "https://offshorepress.io/" ], "community_signals": [ { "source": "Reddit r/TOR search", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/TOR/search/?q=offshorepress&restrict_sr=1" }, { "source": "Reddit r/privacy search", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/privacy/search/?q=offshorepress&restrict_sr=1" }, { "source": "Hacker News mentions", "url": "https://hn.algolia.com/?q=offshorepress" } ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/offshorepress", "overall_score": 9.200000000000001 }, { "name": "BunkerDomains", "slug": "bunkerdomains", "type": [ "domains" ], "jurisdiction": "Seychelles", "incorporated_in": "Seychelles", "operates_from": "Seychelles", "founded": "TBV", "website": "https://bunkerdomains.com/", "status": "active", "dmca_policy": "ignore", "dmca_notes": "BunkerDomains is a Seychelles-incorporated registrar. The operator publicly states 'DMCA notices go to /dev/null' and reports zero DMCA notices acted upon. The company responds only to legal compulsion from courts of competent jurisdiction in Seychelles. Hard limits (CSAM, fraud, malware infrastructure, content illegal under Seychelles law) remain in place.", "kyc_required": false, "anonymous_signup": true, "whois_privacy": true, "owns_domain_for_you": false, "accepts_email_only_signup": true, "payment_methods": [ "monero", "bitcoin", "bitcoin_lightning", "litecoin", "ethereum", "other_crypto" ], "payment_notes": "Crypto-only registrar — no card or PayPal at any step. Accepts BTC, XMR, USDT, ETH, LTC, TRX, BCH, BNB, DOGE, SOL and others via OxaPay. Signup is email + pseudo + password.", "pricing": { "domain_com_year_usd": 12.99, "domain_other_notes": ".com from $12.99/yr; .xyz $9.99; .ru $7.99; .io $39.99; .li $39.99; .to $39.99; .is $79.99; .ai $89.99. WHOIS privacy 'free forever, on every TLD that allows it.'" }, "datacenters": [], "ipv6": false, "ddos_protection": false, "uptime_sla": null, "ratings": { "privacy": 10, "dmca_resistance": 10, "reliability": 8, "value": 7.5, "support": 7.5 }, "sources": [ { "url": "https://bunkerdomains.com/", "title": "BunkerDomains — homepage", "accessed": "2026-05-13" } ], "last_verified": "2026-05-13", "verified_by": "manual_check", "tags": [ "recommended", "crypto-only", "offshore-registrar", "seychelles" ], "warnings": [], "summary": "Seychelles-incorporated domain registrar — DMCA-ignored, no-KYC, crypto-only checkout. .com from $12.99/yr; WHOIS privacy free forever on every TLD that allows it; signup is email + pseudo + password.", "same_as": [ "https://bunkerdomains.com/" ], "community_signals": [ { "source": "Reddit r/onions search", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/onions/search/?q=bunkerdomains&restrict_sr=1" }, { "source": "Reddit r/privacy search", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/privacy/search/?q=bunkerdomains&restrict_sr=1" }, { "source": "Hacker News mentions", "url": "https://hn.algolia.com/?q=bunkerdomains" } ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/bunkerdomains", "overall_score": 9.075 }, { "name": "FlokiNET", "slug": "flokinet", "type": [ "vps", "shared", "dedicated", "domains" ], "jurisdiction": "Iceland (HQ); also operates in Romania, Finland, the Netherlands", "incorporated_in": "Iceland", "operates_from": "Iceland / Romania / Finland / Netherlands", "founded": 2012, "website": "https://flokinet.is/", "status": "active", "dmca_policy": "ignore", "dmca_notes": "FlokiNET publicly markets itself as a free-speech / anti-censorship host. It does not honor extra-jurisdictional copyright complaints (notably US DMCA notices) and chooses jurisdictions specifically because they lack reciprocal copyright takedown obligations. Hard limits remain (CSAM, fraud, malware, content illegal under local law).", "kyc_required": false, "anonymous_signup": true, "whois_privacy": true, "owns_domain_for_you": false, "accepts_email_only_signup": true, "payment_methods": [ "monero", "bitcoin", "bitcoin_lightning", "litecoin", "cash_mail", "bank_transfer", "credit_card" ], "payment_notes": "Cash by mail and Monero are advertised as preferred for full anonymity.", "pricing": { "domain_com_year_usd": 18, "vps_entry_usd_month": 6, "vps_entry_specs": "Entry tier ~€5–6/month for 1 vCPU / 1 GB RAM (verify exact tier at order time).", "shared_entry_usd_month": 4, "dedicated_entry_usd_month": 70 }, "datacenters": [ "IS", "RO", "FI", "NL" ], "ipv6": true, "ddos_protection": true, "uptime_sla": null, "ratings": { "privacy": 9, "dmca_resistance": 9.5, "reliability": 7.5, "value": 7.5, "support": 7 }, "sources": [ { "url": "https://flokinet.is/", "title": "FlokiNET — homepage", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://flokinet.is/about/", "title": "FlokiNET — About / mission statement", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://flokinet.is/legal/", "title": "FlokiNET — Legal & abuse policy", "accessed": "2026-05-12" } ], "last_verified": "2026-05-12", "verified_by": "tos_review", "tags": [ "recommended", "free-speech", "multi-jurisdiction" ], "warnings": [], "summary": "Iceland-headquartered host explicitly built for free-speech and anti-censorship use cases, with infrastructure in IS, RO, FI and NL. Accepts Monero and cash by mail; ignores US DMCA.", "same_as": [ "https://flokinet.is/" ], "community_signals": [ { "source": "LowEndTalk discussion", "url": "https://lowendtalk.com/search?Search=flokinet" }, { "source": "Tor Project — recommended ISPs", "url": "https://community.torproject.org/relay/community-resources/good-bad-isps/", "note": "FlokiNET is one of the most-listed Tor-relay-friendly hosts." }, { "source": "Reddit r/TOR mentions", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/TOR/search/?q=flokinet&restrict_sr=1" }, { "source": "Reddit r/selfhosted search", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/selfhosted/search/?q=flokinet&restrict_sr=1" }, { "source": "Hacker News mentions", "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=flokinet.is" } ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/flokinet", "overall_score": 8.5 }, { "name": "PRQ", "slug": "prq", "type": [ "dedicated", "colocation", "vps" ], "jurisdiction": "Sweden", "incorporated_in": "Sweden", "operates_from": "Sweden", "founded": 2004, "website": "https://prq.se/", "status": "active", "dmca_policy": "ignore", "dmca_notes": "PRQ has one of the longest public track records of declining to act on extra-jurisdictional copyright complaints. It famously hosted The Pirate Bay through years of US rightsholder pressure and has been raided by Swedish police multiple times, with services restored each time. DMCA notices have no statutory effect under Swedish law and PRQ does not act on them. Hard limits (CSAM, content illegal under Swedish law) apply.", "kyc_required": false, "anonymous_signup": true, "whois_privacy": true, "owns_domain_for_you": false, "accepts_email_only_signup": true, "payment_methods": [ "bitcoin", "monero", "bank_transfer", "cash_mail" ], "payment_notes": "Crypto and bank transfer are the standard options. Monero and cash by mail are accepted on request. Card payments are not the default.", "pricing": { "vps_entry_usd_month": 12, "vps_entry_specs": "Entry tier ~€10–12/mo for 1 vCPU / 1 GB RAM (verify exact tier at order time).", "dedicated_entry_usd_month": 75 }, "datacenters": [ "SE" ], "ipv6": true, "ddos_protection": true, "uptime_sla": null, "ratings": { "privacy": 9, "dmca_resistance": 9.5, "reliability": 7.5, "value": 7, "support": 6.5 }, "sources": [ { "url": "https://prq.se/", "title": "PRQ — homepage", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRQ", "title": "Wikipedia — PRQ (history, Pirate Bay hosting, raids)", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://torrentfreak.com/tag/prq/", "title": "TorrentFreak — long-running coverage of PRQ", "accessed": "2026-05-12" } ], "last_verified": "2026-05-12", "verified_by": "manual_check", "tags": [ "recommended", "veteran", "sweden", "free-speech" ], "warnings": [ "Smaller operation than mainstream hosts — expect slower support and a fleet sized for niche use cases rather than scale." ], "summary": "Swedish dedicated / VPS provider founded in 2004 by The Pirate Bay co-founders. Among the longest-running explicitly free-speech hosts; has been raided multiple times and stayed operational. DMCA-ignored in practice under Swedish law.", "same_as": [ "https://prq.se/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRQ" ], "community_signals": [ { "source": "Wikipedia (history of PRQ + Pirate Bay hosting)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRQ" }, { "source": "TorrentFreak — PRQ tag", "url": "https://torrentfreak.com/tag/prq/", "note": "Long-running TorrentFreak coverage of raids, takedowns, legal pushback." }, { "source": "Hacker News mentions of prq.se", "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=prq.se" }, { "source": "Reddit r/Piracy search", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/Piracy/search/?q=prq&restrict_sr=1" } ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/prq", "overall_score": 8.375 }, { "name": "1984 Hosting", "slug": "1984hosting", "type": [ "domains", "vps", "shared", "email" ], "jurisdiction": "Iceland", "incorporated_in": "Iceland", "operates_from": "Iceland", "founded": 2006, "website": "https://www.1984.hosting/", "status": "active", "dmca_policy": "resist", "dmca_notes": "Iceland is not party to the US DMCA. 1984 Hosting publicly advocates for free expression and resists takedown attempts that have no basis in Icelandic law, while complying with valid Icelandic court orders.", "kyc_required": false, "anonymous_signup": true, "whois_privacy": true, "owns_domain_for_you": false, "accepts_email_only_signup": true, "payment_methods": [ "bitcoin", "monero", "bank_transfer", "credit_card" ], "payment_notes": "Crypto is supported. Card payments go through standard processors and reduce anonymity.", "pricing": { "domain_com_year_usd": 19, "domain_other_notes": "Pricing varies by TLD; .is domains require an Icelandic ID by registry policy and are not anonymous.", "vps_entry_usd_month": 6, "vps_entry_specs": "Entry-tier VPS approximately €5–6/month for 1 vCPU / 1 GB RAM (verify on website at order time).", "shared_entry_usd_month": 4 }, "datacenters": [ "IS" ], "ipv6": true, "ddos_protection": false, "uptime_sla": null, "ratings": { "privacy": 9, "dmca_resistance": 8.5, "reliability": 8, "value": 7.5, "support": 7 }, "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.1984.hosting/", "title": "1984 Hosting — homepage", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://www.1984.hosting/about/", "title": "1984 Hosting — About / mission", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://www.1984.hosting/product/virtual-servers/", "title": "1984 Hosting — Virtual servers", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1984_Hosting", "title": "Wikipedia — 1984 Hosting (history and stance)", "accessed": "2026-05-12" } ], "last_verified": "2026-05-12", "verified_by": "manual_check", "tags": [ "recommended", "veteran", "iceland" ], "warnings": [], "summary": "Veteran Icelandic hosting cooperative — domains, shared, VPS, mail. Strong free-speech posture, ICANN-accredited registrar, 100 % Icelandic renewable-power infrastructure.", "same_as": [ "https://www.1984.hosting/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1984_Hosting" ], "community_signals": [ { "source": "LowEndTalk discussion", "url": "https://lowendtalk.com/search?Search=1984+hosting" }, { "source": "Reddit r/selfhosted search", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/selfhosted/search/?q=1984+hosting&restrict_sr=1" }, { "source": "Tor Project — recommended ISPs", "url": "https://community.torproject.org/relay/community-resources/good-bad-isps/" }, { "source": "Hacker News mentions of 1984.hosting", "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=1984.hosting" } ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/1984hosting", "overall_score": 8.275 }, { "name": "Infomaniak", "slug": "infomaniak", "type": [ "shared", "vps", "dedicated", "domains", "email", "object_storage" ], "jurisdiction": "Switzerland", "incorporated_in": "Switzerland", "operates_from": "Switzerland", "founded": 1994, "website": "https://www.infomaniak.com/", "status": "active", "dmca_policy": "resist", "dmca_notes": "Infomaniak is a Swiss host operating under Swiss law. Switzerland is not party to the US DMCA. Infomaniak's published transparency reports show that the company evaluates copyright complaints under Swiss law and does not auto-act on US-issued notices. Swiss courts require formally complete complaints; Swiss data-protection law (revFADP, post-2023) imposes additional procedural requirements.", "kyc_required": false, "anonymous_signup": false, "whois_privacy": true, "owns_domain_for_you": false, "accepts_email_only_signup": false, "payment_methods": [ "credit_card", "paypal", "bank_transfer", "bitcoin" ], "payment_notes": "Card and bank transfer are the standard options. Bitcoin is supported. Not a no-KYC signup — Infomaniak is a regulated Swiss company. Listed here for jurisdiction (Switzerland) rather than anonymous signup.", "pricing": { "domain_com_year_usd": 17, "vps_entry_usd_month": 8, "vps_entry_specs": "Entry-tier VPS approximately CHF 6–8/mo for 1 vCPU / 1 GB RAM (verify exact tier at order time).", "shared_entry_usd_month": 6, "dedicated_entry_usd_month": 100 }, "datacenters": [ "CH" ], "ipv6": true, "ddos_protection": true, "uptime_sla": 99.9, "ratings": { "privacy": 8.5, "dmca_resistance": 8, "reliability": 9.5, "value": 7, "support": 8.5 }, "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.infomaniak.com/", "title": "Infomaniak — homepage", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://www.infomaniak.com/en/about/our-values", "title": "Infomaniak — Our values (privacy, sovereignty)", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://www.infomaniak.com/en/legal/transparency-report", "title": "Infomaniak — Transparency report", "accessed": "2026-05-12" } ], "last_verified": "2026-05-12", "verified_by": "manual_check", "tags": [ "switzerland", "established", "high-reliability", "transparency-report" ], "warnings": [ "Not anonymous at signup — Infomaniak is a regulated Swiss company. Choose for jurisdiction (Switzerland) and operator reputation, not for signup anonymity." ], "summary": "Swiss full-stack host (since 1994) operating from Geneva. Strong Swiss-law jurisdiction, published transparency reports, ISP-grade reliability, full product line including domains, mail, VPS, dedicated and object storage. Not anonymous at signup.", "same_as": [ "https://www.infomaniak.com/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infomaniak" ], "community_signals": [ { "source": "Wikipedia (history)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infomaniak" }, { "source": "Hacker News mentions of infomaniak.com", "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=infomaniak.com" }, { "source": "Reddit r/Switzerland mentions", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/Switzerland/search/?q=infomaniak&restrict_sr=1" }, { "source": "Reddit r/selfhosted search", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/selfhosted/search/?q=infomaniak&restrict_sr=1" } ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/infomaniak", "overall_score": 8.274999999999999 }, { "name": "Njalla", "slug": "njalla", "type": [ "domains", "vps" ], "jurisdiction": "Nevis (corporate); Sweden (operations)", "incorporated_in": "Saint Kitts and Nevis", "operates_from": "Sweden", "founded": 2017, "website": "https://njal.la/", "status": "active", "dmca_policy": "resist", "dmca_notes": "Njalla is the legal owner of domains it registers on a customer's behalf, which makes domain seizures harder for adversaries: a takedown party must convince Njalla rather than the customer's registrar. For VPS, abuse is reviewed case-by-case and Njalla pushes back on speculative or invalid notices.", "kyc_required": false, "anonymous_signup": true, "whois_privacy": true, "owns_domain_for_you": true, "accepts_email_only_signup": true, "payment_methods": [ "monero", "bitcoin", "bitcoin_lightning", "litecoin", "ethereum", "cash_mail", "bank_transfer", "paypal", "credit_card" ], "payment_notes": "Cash and crypto are encouraged. Card and PayPal are processed but reduce anonymity. A deposit-balance model is used so per-service payments do not directly link to identity.", "pricing": { "domain_com_year_usd": 15, "domain_other_notes": ".com priced at €15/year as listed on njal.la price page (May 2026). Many TLDs cost more; always check checkout.", "vps_entry_usd_month": 15, "vps_entry_specs": "Entry-tier VPS (Mizu): 1 vCPU / 1 GB RAM / 25 GB SSD / 1 TB transfer (May 2026 listing)." }, "datacenters": [ "SE", "NL" ], "ipv6": true, "ddos_protection": false, "uptime_sla": null, "ratings": { "privacy": 9.5, "dmca_resistance": 8, "reliability": 8, "value": 6, "support": 7.5 }, "sources": [ { "url": "https://njal.la/about/", "title": "Njalla — About", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://njal.la/legal/", "title": "Njalla — Legal page", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://njal.la/legal/dmca/", "title": "Njalla — DMCA policy", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://njal.la/vps/", "title": "Njalla — VPS pricing and specs", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://torrentfreak.com/pirate-bay-founder-launches-anonymous-domain-registration-service-170415/", "title": "TorrentFreak — Pirate Bay co-founder launches Njalla (2017 launch context)", "accessed": "2026-05-12" } ], "last_verified": "2026-05-12", "verified_by": "tos_review", "tags": [ "recommended", "veteran", "owns-on-behalf" ], "warnings": [], "summary": "Privacy-first registrar (and small VPS provider) co-founded by Peter Sunde. Njalla legally owns the domain on your behalf, accepts Monero / cash, and requires no real identity at signup.", "same_as": [ "https://njal.la/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Njalla" ], "community_signals": [ { "source": "Hacker News mentions of njal.la", "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=njal.la" }, { "source": "Reddit r/privacy search", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/privacy/search/?q=njalla&restrict_sr=1" }, { "source": "Reddit r/selfhosted search", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/selfhosted/search/?q=njalla&restrict_sr=1" }, { "source": "TorrentFreak coverage", "url": "https://torrentfreak.com/?s=njalla" } ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/njalla", "overall_score": 8.1 }, { "name": "OrangeWebsite", "slug": "orangewebsite", "type": [ "shared", "vps", "dedicated" ], "jurisdiction": "Iceland", "incorporated_in": "Iceland", "operates_from": "Iceland", "founded": 2009, "website": "https://www.orangewebsite.com/", "status": "active", "dmca_policy": "ignore", "dmca_notes": "OrangeWebsite explicitly markets 'free speech hosting' under Icelandic law. Iceland does not implement the US DMCA. The provider does not act on DMCA-style notices that have no basis in Icelandic law. Hard limits (illegal-under-Icelandic-law content) still apply.", "kyc_required": false, "anonymous_signup": true, "whois_privacy": true, "owns_domain_for_you": false, "accepts_email_only_signup": true, "payment_methods": [ "bitcoin", "litecoin", "other_crypto", "bank_transfer", "paypal", "credit_card" ], "payment_notes": "Crypto accepted via several chains. Monero is not advertised as a default payment method — verify at checkout. PayPal and card are also processed.", "pricing": { "vps_entry_usd_month": 12, "vps_entry_specs": "Entry-tier VPS roughly 1 vCPU / 1 GB RAM (verify exact tier at order time).", "shared_entry_usd_month": 5, "dedicated_entry_usd_month": 100 }, "datacenters": [ "IS" ], "ipv6": true, "ddos_protection": true, "uptime_sla": 99.9, "ratings": { "privacy": 8.5, "dmca_resistance": 9, "reliability": 7.5, "value": 6.5, "support": 7 }, "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.orangewebsite.com/", "title": "OrangeWebsite — homepage", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://www.orangewebsite.com/free-speech-hosting.php", "title": "OrangeWebsite — Free speech hosting page", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://www.orangewebsite.com/dmca-policy.php", "title": "OrangeWebsite — DMCA policy", "accessed": "2026-05-12" } ], "last_verified": "2026-05-12", "verified_by": "manual_check", "tags": [ "free-speech", "iceland", "established" ], "warnings": [], "summary": "Iceland-based shared / VPS / dedicated host that explicitly markets free-speech hosting and a DMCA-ignored posture under Icelandic law. Established 2009.", "same_as": [ "https://www.orangewebsite.com/" ], "community_signals": [ { "source": "LowEndTalk discussion", "url": "https://lowendtalk.com/search?Search=orangewebsite" }, { "source": "Reddit r/webhosting search", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/webhosting/search/?q=orangewebsite&restrict_sr=1" }, { "source": "TorrentFreak coverage", "url": "https://torrentfreak.com/?s=orangewebsite" }, { "source": "Hacker News mentions", "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=orangewebsite.com" } ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/orangewebsite", "overall_score": 8.049999999999999 }, { "name": "Privex", "slug": "privex", "type": [ "vps", "dedicated" ], "jurisdiction": "Belize (incorporated); operates in Sweden, Finland, the United States and the Czech Republic", "incorporated_in": "Belize", "operates_from": "Sweden / Finland / US / Czech Republic", "founded": 2017, "website": "https://www.privex.io/", "status": "active", "dmca_policy": "resist", "dmca_notes": "Privex was founded inside the crypto / privacy-tech community and markets explicit no-KYC, crypto-only signup. It does not act on US DMCA notices targeting non-US infrastructure. The US datacenter is subject to US law; pick the Sweden, Finland or Czech datacenters for higher takedown resistance.", "kyc_required": false, "anonymous_signup": true, "whois_privacy": false, "owns_domain_for_you": false, "accepts_email_only_signup": true, "payment_methods": [ "monero", "bitcoin", "bitcoin_lightning", "litecoin", "ethereum", "other_crypto" ], "payment_notes": "Crypto-only. Privex was built specifically for the crypto community; fiat is not a primary payment rail. Monero, Bitcoin (incl. Lightning), Hive, EOS and several other chains are advertised.", "pricing": { "vps_entry_usd_month": 8, "vps_entry_specs": "Entry-tier VPS approximately $8/mo for 2 vCPU / 1 GB RAM (verify exact tier at order time).", "dedicated_entry_usd_month": 90 }, "datacenters": [ "SE", "FI", "US", "CZ" ], "ipv6": true, "ddos_protection": false, "uptime_sla": null, "ratings": { "privacy": 9, "dmca_resistance": 7.5, "reliability": 7.5, "value": 8, "support": 7.5 }, "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.privex.io/", "title": "Privex — homepage", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://www.privex.io/about/", "title": "Privex — About", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://www.privex.io/tos/", "title": "Privex — Terms of service", "accessed": "2026-05-12" } ], "last_verified": "2026-05-12", "verified_by": "manual_check", "tags": [ "crypto-only", "monero", "multi-jurisdiction" ], "warnings": [ "US location is DMCA-bound. Pick Sweden / Finland / Czech Republic if takedown resistance is a priority." ], "summary": "Crypto-native VPS and dedicated server provider (since 2017) with no-KYC signup and crypto-only payment. Multi-jurisdiction (SE / FI / US / CZ) infrastructure, accepts Monero, Bitcoin, Lightning and several other chains.", "same_as": [ "https://www.privex.io/" ], "community_signals": [ { "source": "LowEndTalk discussion", "url": "https://lowendtalk.com/search?Search=privex" }, { "source": "Reddit r/Hive search", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/hive/search/?q=privex&restrict_sr=1", "note": "Privex is well-known in the Hive blockchain community as a witness-node host." }, { "source": "Reddit r/selfhosted search", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/selfhosted/search/?q=privex&restrict_sr=1" }, { "source": "Hacker News mentions", "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=privex.io" } ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/privex", "overall_score": 8.024999999999999 }, { "name": "TerraHost", "slug": "terrahost", "type": [ "vps", "dedicated", "colocation" ], "jurisdiction": "Norway", "incorporated_in": "Norway", "operates_from": "Norway", "founded": 2008, "website": "https://terrahost.no/", "status": "active", "dmca_policy": "resist", "dmca_notes": "TerraHost operates from Norway, which is not in the EU and not party to the US DMCA. Norwegian copyright law (Åndsverkloven) applies. The provider does not act on extra-jurisdictional copyright complaints lacking Norwegian-court basis. Norway is in EFTA and party to the EEA agreement — some EU directives apply but DSA implementation lags EU-member timelines.", "kyc_required": false, "anonymous_signup": true, "whois_privacy": true, "owns_domain_for_you": false, "accepts_email_only_signup": true, "payment_methods": [ "bitcoin", "litecoin", "ethereum", "other_crypto", "paypal", "credit_card", "bank_transfer" ], "payment_notes": "Bitcoin and other crypto, card, PayPal and bank transfer are advertised. Monero is not the default — confirm before purchase.", "pricing": { "vps_entry_usd_month": 5, "vps_entry_specs": "Entry-tier VPS approximately $5/mo for 1 vCPU / 1 GB RAM (verify exact tier at order time).", "dedicated_entry_usd_month": 65 }, "datacenters": [ "NO" ], "ipv6": true, "ddos_protection": true, "uptime_sla": 99.95, "ratings": { "privacy": 8, "dmca_resistance": 8, "reliability": 8.5, "value": 8, "support": 7.5 }, "sources": [ { "url": "https://terrahost.no/", "title": "TerraHost — homepage", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://terrahost.no/about", "title": "TerraHost — About", "accessed": "2026-05-12" } ], "last_verified": "2026-05-12", "verified_by": "manual_check", "tags": [ "norway", "non-eu", "established" ], "warnings": [], "summary": "Norway-based VPS, dedicated and colocation provider (since 2008). Non-EU jurisdiction with strong infrastructure, anonymous-friendly signup and crypto support. Less marketing focus on 'DMCA-ignored' than Iceland-based competitors but similar legal posture.", "same_as": [ "https://terrahost.no/" ], "community_signals": [ { "source": "LowEndTalk discussion", "url": "https://lowendtalk.com/search?Search=terrahost" }, { "source": "Reddit r/Norway mentions", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/Norway/search/?q=terrahost&restrict_sr=1" }, { "source": "Reddit r/webhosting search", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/webhosting/search/?q=terrahost&restrict_sr=1" }, { "source": "Hacker News mentions", "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=terrahost.no" } ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/terrahost", "overall_score": 8.024999999999999 }, { "name": "AlexHost", "slug": "alexhost", "type": [ "shared", "vps", "dedicated" ], "jurisdiction": "Moldova", "incorporated_in": "Moldova", "operates_from": "Moldova", "founded": 2008, "website": "https://alexhost.com/", "status": "active", "dmca_policy": "ignore", "dmca_notes": "AlexHost operates from Moldova, which is not in the EU and does not implement the US DMCA. The provider explicitly markets DMCA-ignored hosting and offers a publicly stated policy of evaluating complaints under Moldovan law. Hard limits (CSAM, malware, content illegal under Moldovan law) apply.", "kyc_required": false, "anonymous_signup": true, "whois_privacy": true, "owns_domain_for_you": false, "accepts_email_only_signup": true, "payment_methods": [ "bitcoin", "litecoin", "ethereum", "other_crypto", "paypal", "credit_card", "bank_transfer", "perfect_money" ], "payment_notes": "Multiple cryptocurrencies, PerfectMoney, card and bank transfer supported. Monero is not advertised as default — confirm before purchase.", "pricing": { "vps_entry_usd_month": 4, "vps_entry_specs": "Entry-tier VPS approximately $4/mo for 1 vCPU / 1 GB RAM (verify exact tier at order time).", "shared_entry_usd_month": 2, "dedicated_entry_usd_month": 60 }, "datacenters": [ "MD" ], "ipv6": true, "ddos_protection": true, "uptime_sla": 99.9, "ratings": { "privacy": 8, "dmca_resistance": 8.5, "reliability": 7, "value": 9, "support": 6.5 }, "sources": [ { "url": "https://alexhost.com/", "title": "AlexHost — homepage", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://alexhost.com/offshore-hosting/", "title": "AlexHost — Offshore hosting page", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://alexhost.com/dmca-ignored-hosting/", "title": "AlexHost — DMCA-ignored hosting", "accessed": "2026-05-12" } ], "last_verified": "2026-05-12", "verified_by": "manual_check", "tags": [ "moldova", "value", "established", "non-eu" ], "warnings": [ "Moldova is geopolitically adjacent to active conflict zones — assess infrastructure-stability risk for long-running production workloads." ], "summary": "Moldova-based offshore host (since 2008) with notably aggressive pricing and explicit DMCA-ignored marketing. Non-EU jurisdiction; useful when EU venues are too close to the regulatory pressure you're trying to escape.", "same_as": [ "https://alexhost.com/" ], "community_signals": [ { "source": "LowEndTalk discussion", "url": "https://lowendtalk.com/search?Search=alexhost" }, { "source": "Reddit r/webhosting search", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/webhosting/search/?q=alexhost&restrict_sr=1" }, { "source": "WebHostingTalk discussion", "url": "https://www.webhostingtalk.com/search.php?searchid=&query=alexhost" }, { "source": "Hacker News mentions", "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=alexhost.com" } ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/alexhost", "overall_score": 7.999999999999999 }, { "name": "Bahnhof", "slug": "bahnhof", "type": [ "vps", "dedicated", "colocation", "shared" ], "jurisdiction": "Sweden", "incorporated_in": "Sweden", "operates_from": "Sweden", "founded": 1994, "website": "https://www.bahnhof.net/", "status": "active", "dmca_policy": "resist", "dmca_notes": "Bahnhof is famous for its public refusal to log customer traffic under the EU Data Retention Directive (a position later vindicated by the CJEU's invalidation of the directive). It hosted WikiLeaks at its Pionen datacenter (a converted nuclear bunker in Stockholm). DMCA notices have no statutory effect against Bahnhof under Swedish law; the company evaluates complaints under Swedish jurisdiction. Acts on Swedish court orders.", "kyc_required": false, "anonymous_signup": false, "whois_privacy": true, "owns_domain_for_you": false, "accepts_email_only_signup": false, "payment_methods": [ "bank_transfer", "credit_card" ], "payment_notes": "Bahnhof is a mainstream Swedish ISP and does not market itself as an anonymous host. Crypto and cash are not standard payment methods. Listed here for its legal posture (Sweden, anti-data-retention) rather than anonymous signup.", "pricing": { "vps_entry_usd_month": 12, "shared_entry_usd_month": 5, "dedicated_entry_usd_month": 90 }, "datacenters": [ "SE" ], "ipv6": true, "ddos_protection": true, "uptime_sla": 99.95, "ratings": { "privacy": 7.5, "dmca_resistance": 8.5, "reliability": 9.5, "value": 6.5, "support": 8 }, "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.bahnhof.net/", "title": "Bahnhof — homepage", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://www.bahnhof.net/about-us", "title": "Bahnhof — About / privacy stance", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahnhof_(company)", "title": "Wikipedia — Bahnhof (WikiLeaks hosting, data retention)", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://www.bahnhof.net/integritet", "title": "Bahnhof — Integrity / privacy policy", "accessed": "2026-05-12" } ], "last_verified": "2026-05-12", "verified_by": "manual_check", "tags": [ "recommended", "veteran", "sweden", "established", "high-reliability" ], "warnings": [ "Not anonymous at signup — Bahnhof is a regulated Swedish ISP. Choose Bahnhof for jurisdiction and operator reputation, not for signup anonymity." ], "summary": "Swedish ISP and data-center operator (since 1994) famous for hosting WikiLeaks and for its public refusal to log customer traffic under the EU Data Retention Directive. Real-name signup but extremely strong jurisdictional and legal posture.", "same_as": [ "https://www.bahnhof.net/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahnhof_(company)" ], "community_signals": [ { "source": "Wikipedia (history + WikiLeaks Pionen DC)", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahnhof_(company)" }, { "source": "Hacker News mentions of bahnhof.net", "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=bahnhof.net" }, { "source": "Hacker News — Pionen datacenter", "url": "https://hn.algolia.com/?q=pionen+datacenter" }, { "source": "Reddit r/sweden mentions", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/sweden/search/?q=bahnhof&restrict_sr=1" } ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/bahnhof", "overall_score": 7.999999999999999 }, { "name": "AbeloHost", "slug": "abelohost", "type": [ "shared", "vps", "dedicated" ], "jurisdiction": "Netherlands", "incorporated_in": "Netherlands", "operates_from": "Netherlands", "founded": 2014, "website": "https://abelohost.com/", "status": "active", "dmca_policy": "ignore", "dmca_notes": "AbeloHost explicitly markets DMCA-ignored hosting under Dutch law. The Netherlands does not implement the US DMCA; complaints are evaluated under EU directives and Dutch implementing law, which have different procedural standards. Hard limits (CSAM, content illegal under Dutch law) apply.", "kyc_required": false, "anonymous_signup": true, "whois_privacy": true, "owns_domain_for_you": false, "accepts_email_only_signup": true, "payment_methods": [ "bitcoin", "litecoin", "ethereum", "other_crypto", "paypal", "credit_card", "bank_transfer", "perfect_money" ], "payment_notes": "Multiple cryptocurrencies and Perfect Money are advertised. Monero is not the default — confirm before purchase.", "pricing": { "vps_entry_usd_month": 10, "vps_entry_specs": "Entry-tier VPS ~$10/mo for 1 vCPU / 1 GB RAM (verify exact tier at checkout).", "shared_entry_usd_month": 4, "dedicated_entry_usd_month": 80 }, "datacenters": [ "NL" ], "ipv6": true, "ddos_protection": true, "uptime_sla": 99.9, "ratings": { "privacy": 8, "dmca_resistance": 8.5, "reliability": 7.5, "value": 7.5, "support": 7 }, "sources": [ { "url": "https://abelohost.com/", "title": "AbeloHost — homepage", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://abelohost.com/offshore-hosting", "title": "AbeloHost — Offshore hosting page", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://abelohost.com/dmca-ignored-hosting", "title": "AbeloHost — DMCA-ignored hosting page", "accessed": "2026-05-12" } ], "last_verified": "2026-05-12", "verified_by": "manual_check", "tags": [ "netherlands", "offshore", "established" ], "warnings": [], "summary": "Dutch host explicitly marketing DMCA-ignored hosting since 2014. Single-jurisdiction Netherlands operation with shared, VPS and dedicated tiers; accepts crypto and Perfect Money, supports anonymous signup.", "same_as": [ "https://abelohost.com/" ], "community_signals": [ { "source": "LowEndTalk discussion", "url": "https://lowendtalk.com/search?Search=abelohost" }, { "source": "Reddit r/webhosting search", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/webhosting/search/?q=abelohost&restrict_sr=1" }, { "source": "WebHostingTalk discussion", "url": "https://www.webhostingtalk.com/search.php?searchid=&query=abelohost" }, { "source": "Hacker News mentions", "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=abelohost.com" } ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/abelohost", "overall_score": 7.8999999999999995 }, { "name": "HostSailor", "slug": "hostsailor", "type": [ "shared", "vps", "dedicated" ], "jurisdiction": "Romania (operations); incorporated UAE", "incorporated_in": "United Arab Emirates", "operates_from": "Romania", "founded": 2013, "website": "https://www.hostsailor.com/", "status": "active", "dmca_policy": "ignore", "dmca_notes": "HostSailor operates primarily from Romania and explicitly markets offshore / DMCA-ignored hosting. Romania, while an EU member, does not implement the US DMCA and has a track record of being slower to enforce extra-jurisdictional copyright complaints than Western EU members. HostSailor publishes a DMCA policy explaining that notices have no statutory effect; complaints are evaluated under Romanian implementing law.", "kyc_required": false, "anonymous_signup": true, "whois_privacy": true, "owns_domain_for_you": false, "accepts_email_only_signup": true, "payment_methods": [ "bitcoin", "litecoin", "ethereum", "other_crypto", "paypal", "credit_card", "bank_transfer", "perfect_money" ], "payment_notes": "Crypto, PerfectMoney, card and bank transfer supported. Monero not advertised as default — confirm before purchase.", "pricing": { "vps_entry_usd_month": 5, "vps_entry_specs": "Entry-tier VPS ~$5/mo for 1 vCPU / 1 GB RAM (verify exact tier at checkout).", "shared_entry_usd_month": 3, "dedicated_entry_usd_month": 60 }, "datacenters": [ "RO", "NL" ], "ipv6": true, "ddos_protection": true, "uptime_sla": 99.9, "ratings": { "privacy": 7.5, "dmca_resistance": 8.5, "reliability": 7.5, "value": 8.5, "support": 7 }, "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.hostsailor.com/", "title": "HostSailor — homepage", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://www.hostsailor.com/offshore-hosting/", "title": "HostSailor — Offshore hosting page", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://www.hostsailor.com/legal/dmca-policy/", "title": "HostSailor — DMCA policy", "accessed": "2026-05-12" } ], "last_verified": "2026-05-12", "verified_by": "manual_check", "tags": [ "romania", "offshore", "value" ], "warnings": [], "summary": "Romania-based offshore host (since 2013, incorporated UAE) advertising DMCA-ignored hosting. Strong price-per-spec, anonymous signup, crypto support; Netherlands datacenter also available.", "same_as": [ "https://www.hostsailor.com/" ], "community_signals": [ { "source": "LowEndTalk discussion", "url": "https://lowendtalk.com/search?Search=hostsailor" }, { "source": "Reddit r/webhosting search", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/webhosting/search/?q=hostsailor&restrict_sr=1" }, { "source": "WebHostingTalk discussion", "url": "https://www.webhostingtalk.com/search.php?searchid=&query=hostsailor" }, { "source": "Hacker News mentions", "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=hostsailor.com" } ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/hostsailor", "overall_score": 7.8999999999999995 }, { "name": "Shinjiru", "slug": "shinjiru", "type": [ "shared", "vps", "dedicated", "domains" ], "jurisdiction": "Malaysia", "incorporated_in": "Malaysia", "operates_from": "Malaysia (HQ); also markets locations in Russia, the Netherlands and Lithuania", "founded": 1998, "website": "https://shinjiru.com/", "status": "active", "dmca_policy": "ignore", "dmca_notes": "Shinjiru explicitly markets 'offshore' and 'anonymous' hosting. It operates from Malaysia, which does not implement the US DMCA, and offers customer-facing options to deploy in additional jurisdictions chosen for similar reasons. DMCA notices are not acted on as a matter of US copyright law; complaints are evaluated under the law of the chosen datacenter.", "kyc_required": false, "anonymous_signup": true, "whois_privacy": true, "owns_domain_for_you": false, "accepts_email_only_signup": true, "payment_methods": [ "bitcoin", "litecoin", "ethereum", "other_crypto", "paypal", "credit_card", "bank_transfer" ], "payment_notes": "Multiple cryptocurrencies are advertised. Monero is not advertised as a default option — confirm before purchase.", "pricing": { "domain_com_year_usd": 16, "vps_entry_usd_month": 15, "vps_entry_specs": "Entry tier ~$15/mo for 1 vCPU / 1 GB RAM in Malaysia DC.", "shared_entry_usd_month": 6, "dedicated_entry_usd_month": 110 }, "datacenters": [ "MY", "NL", "RU", "LT" ], "ipv6": true, "ddos_protection": true, "uptime_sla": 99.9, "ratings": { "privacy": 8, "dmca_resistance": 8.5, "reliability": 7, "value": 6.5, "support": 7 }, "sources": [ { "url": "https://shinjiru.com/", "title": "Shinjiru — homepage", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://shinjiru.com/offshore-hosting", "title": "Shinjiru — Offshore hosting overview", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://shinjiru.com/dmca-ignored-hosting", "title": "Shinjiru — DMCA-ignored hosting page", "accessed": "2026-05-12" } ], "last_verified": "2026-05-12", "verified_by": "manual_check", "tags": [ "established", "multi-jurisdiction", "malaysia" ], "warnings": [ "Marketing leans heavily on 'offshore / anonymous' framing; cross-check that the specific product you order matches the advertised posture before committing to a yearly plan." ], "summary": "Malaysia-headquartered offshore host (since 1998) offering shared, VPS, dedicated and domain registration across Malaysia, the Netherlands, Russia and Lithuania. Explicitly markets DMCA-ignored hosting; supports anonymous signup and crypto.", "same_as": [ "https://shinjiru.com/" ], "community_signals": [ { "source": "LowEndTalk discussion", "url": "https://lowendtalk.com/search?Search=shinjiru" }, { "source": "Reddit r/webhosting search", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/webhosting/search/?q=shinjiru&restrict_sr=1" }, { "source": "WebHostingTalk discussion", "url": "https://www.webhostingtalk.com/search.php?searchid=&query=shinjiru" }, { "source": "Hacker News mentions", "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=shinjiru.com" } ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/shinjiru", "overall_score": 7.674999999999999 }, { "name": "HostHatch", "slug": "hosthatch", "type": [ "vps", "dedicated", "object_storage" ], "jurisdiction": "Hong Kong (HQ); operates in 17+ global locations", "incorporated_in": "Hong Kong", "operates_from": "Multiple — IS, NL, RO, FI, SE, US, SG, IN, AU, others", "founded": 2011, "website": "https://hosthatch.com/", "status": "active", "dmca_policy": "partial", "dmca_notes": "HostHatch is a global multi-location KVM VPS provider whose DMCA posture varies by datacenter. EU-only locations (e.g. Iceland, Romania, Finland) have very different takedown exposure than US locations. HostHatch as a company evaluates complaints against the relevant local law of the chosen DC. The provider is not advertised as 'DMCA-ignored' but is well-regarded as content-permissive in non-US datacenters.", "kyc_required": false, "anonymous_signup": true, "whois_privacy": false, "owns_domain_for_you": false, "accepts_email_only_signup": true, "payment_methods": [ "bitcoin", "bitcoin_lightning", "litecoin", "other_crypto", "paypal", "credit_card" ], "payment_notes": "Crypto support is broad and well-integrated. Monero is not the default — confirm before purchase. Card and PayPal also processed.", "pricing": { "vps_entry_usd_month": 2, "vps_entry_specs": "Entry tier from $2/mo (annual prepay): 1 vCPU / 1 GB RAM / 25 GB NVMe (varies by location).", "dedicated_entry_usd_month": 50 }, "datacenters": [ "IS", "NL", "RO", "FI", "SE", "DE", "PL", "GB", "US-NY", "US-LA", "US-CHI", "SG", "AU", "IN", "ZA" ], "ipv6": true, "ddos_protection": true, "uptime_sla": 99.9, "ratings": { "privacy": 7, "dmca_resistance": 6.5, "reliability": 8.5, "value": 9.5, "support": 8 }, "sources": [ { "url": "https://hosthatch.com/", "title": "HostHatch — homepage", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://hosthatch.com/locations", "title": "HostHatch — Datacenter locations", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://hosthatch.com/tos", "title": "HostHatch — Terms of Service", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://lowendtalk.com/categories/hosthatch", "title": "LowEndTalk — HostHatch community discussion", "accessed": "2026-05-12" } ], "last_verified": "2026-05-12", "verified_by": "manual_check", "tags": [ "multi-jurisdiction", "value", "established" ], "warnings": [ "Not advertised as DMCA-ignored. Pick non-US datacenters (IS, NL, RO, FI, SE) for higher takedown resistance." ], "summary": "Long-running global KVM VPS provider (since 2011) with 15+ datacenter locations including Iceland, Romania, Finland, the Netherlands and Sweden. Strong value, broad crypto support, content-permissive in non-US locations.", "same_as": [ "https://hosthatch.com/", "https://lowendtalk.com/categories/hosthatch" ], "community_signals": [ { "source": "LowEndTalk — HostHatch category", "url": "https://lowendtalk.com/categories/hosthatch", "note": "Highly active operator presence; one of the most-discussed VPS providers on LET." }, { "source": "Reddit r/lowendtalk", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/lowendtalk/search/?q=hosthatch&restrict_sr=1" }, { "source": "Reddit r/selfhosted search", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/selfhosted/search/?q=hosthatch&restrict_sr=1" }, { "source": "Hacker News mentions", "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=hosthatch.com" } ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/hosthatch", "overall_score": 7.549999999999999 }, { "name": "BuyVM (Frantech)", "slug": "buyvm", "type": [ "vps", "dedicated", "object_storage" ], "jurisdiction": "Canada (parent: Frantech Solutions); operates in US, Luxembourg, Miami, Las Vegas", "incorporated_in": "Canada", "operates_from": "United States / Luxembourg", "founded": 2010, "website": "https://buyvm.net/", "status": "active", "dmca_policy": "partial", "dmca_notes": "BuyVM operates US infrastructure and therefore receives and acts on valid DMCA notices in its US locations. Its Luxembourg location is generally regarded as more permissive. The company is publicly content-permissive (it has hosted projects rejected by mainstream providers such as Kiwi Farms in the past) and is known for not pulling customers reflexively over a single complaint, but it is not a true 'DMCA-ignored' host.", "kyc_required": false, "anonymous_signup": true, "whois_privacy": false, "owns_domain_for_you": false, "accepts_email_only_signup": true, "payment_methods": [ "bitcoin", "bitcoin_lightning", "litecoin", "ethereum", "other_crypto", "paypal", "credit_card" ], "payment_notes": "BuyVM has accepted crypto for over a decade. Monero is not currently advertised as a first-class option — verify at checkout. Card and PayPal are routine.", "pricing": { "vps_entry_usd_month": 2, "vps_entry_specs": "KVM 'Slice 1024': 1 vCPU / 1 GB RAM / 20 GB NVMe / 1 Gbps unmetered (May 2026 listing).", "dedicated_entry_usd_month": 65 }, "datacenters": [ "US-NY", "US-NV", "US-FL", "LU" ], "ipv6": true, "ddos_protection": true, "uptime_sla": null, "ratings": { "privacy": 6.5, "dmca_resistance": 6, "reliability": 9, "value": 9.5, "support": 8.5 }, "sources": [ { "url": "https://buyvm.net/", "title": "BuyVM — homepage", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://buyvm.net/kvm-dedicated-server-slices/", "title": "BuyVM — KVM Slices pricing", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://buyvm.net/aup/", "title": "BuyVM — Acceptable Use Policy", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://lowendtalk.com/categories/buyvm", "title": "LowEndTalk — long-running BuyVM community discussion", "accessed": "2026-05-12" } ], "last_verified": "2026-05-12", "verified_by": "manual_check", "tags": [ "high-value", "established", "content-permissive" ], "warnings": [ "US infrastructure is subject to DMCA — pick the Luxembourg location for higher takedown resistance." ], "summary": "Long-running KVM VPS provider with a strong reputation in the privacy / opsec community for being content-permissive and crypto-friendly. Excellent value at the entry tier, but US locations remain DMCA-bound.", "same_as": [ "https://buyvm.net/", "https://lowendtalk.com/categories/buyvm" ], "community_signals": [ { "source": "LowEndTalk — BuyVM category", "url": "https://lowendtalk.com/categories/buyvm", "note": "Hundreds of threads spanning 10+ years; highly active operator presence." }, { "source": "Reddit r/lowendtalk", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/lowendtalk/search/?q=buyvm&restrict_sr=1" }, { "source": "Reddit r/selfhosted search", "url": "https://www.reddit.com/r/selfhosted/search/?q=buyvm&restrict_sr=1" }, { "source": "Hacker News mentions", "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=buyvm.net" } ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/providers/buyvm", "overall_score": 7.375 } ], "jurisdictions": [ { "country": "France (avoid for free-speech sensitive workloads)", "slug": "france", "flag": "🇫🇷", "summary": "France is a major European hosting hub (OVH, Scaleway) with excellent infrastructure and low prices, but among the most aggressive EU jurisdictions for content takedowns including hate-speech / disinformation laws and HADOPI copyright enforcement. Listed as a counterpoint — when to avoid French infrastructure.", "dmca_status": "France is an EU member with active copyright enforcement (HADOPI / ARCOM). The DSA + French national implementation creates strong notice-and-action obligations. Loi Avia and similar attempts at hate-speech regulation have created additional content-removal vectors.", "data_retention": "French telecommunications data retention is broad, has survived CJEU challenges with modifications, and includes IP-attribution requirements that make operator anonymity difficult.", "notable_for": [ "Major European hosting infrastructure (OVH, Scaleway, Online.net)", "Excellent transit / connectivity in continental Europe", "Aggressive enforcement of EU copyright directives", "HADOPI / ARCOM regulator active in copyright matters" ], "risks": [ "Aggressive content takedown regime compared to NL or RO", "Loi Avia and successor laws on hate-speech / online content", "Real-name signup standard", "ccTLD .fr requires verifiable EU residency" ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/codes/id/LEGITEXT000006069414/", "title": "Code de la propriété intellectuelle (French Intellectual Property Code)", "accessed": "2026-05-12" } ], "same_as": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/France", "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q142" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/jurisdictions/france" }, { "country": "Germany (avoid for adult / streaming)", "slug": "germany", "flag": "🇩🇪", "summary": "Germany is a major European hosting hub with low prices and excellent infrastructure (Hetzner, netcup, etc.) — but it is among the most aggressive EU jurisdictions for copyright enforcement and adult-content age-verification. Avoid for DMCA-sensitive or adult workloads; fine for general business hosting.", "dmca_status": "Germany is an EU member implementing EU copyright directives. The notice-and-action regime is enforced more aggressively than in NL or RO. German rights-holders' associations (GEMA, Verwertungsgesellschaften) actively pursue cross-border copyright complaints.", "data_retention": "German telecommunications data retention has been narrowed by Federal Constitutional Court rulings but remains in modified form. ISPs face significant law-enforcement compliance obligations.", "notable_for": [ "Major European hosting infrastructure (Hetzner, netcup, IONOS, Strato)", "Excellent connectivity to all of Europe", "Low prices for general business hosting", "Strong technical / engineering culture" ], "risks": [ "Aggressive copyright enforcement compared to other EU members", "Recent age-verification requirements for adult content (and DSA enforcement)", "GEMA and other rights-holder organizations actively pursue takedowns", "Real-name signup standard at all major German hosts" ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/urhg/", "title": "German Copyright Act (Urheberrechtsgesetz, official text)", "accessed": "2026-05-12" } ], "same_as": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germany", "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/jurisdictions/germany" }, { "country": "Iceland", "slug": "iceland", "flag": "🇮🇸", "summary": "Iceland is the most-cited DMCA-ignored hosting jurisdiction. It is not party to the US DMCA, has a strong constitutional speech tradition, and hosts a small cluster of long-running privacy-focused providers running on geothermal/hydro power.", "dmca_status": "Iceland is not party to the US DMCA. Notices have no statutory effect. Copyright disputes are evaluated under Icelandic law and through Icelandic courts. EU directives do not apply (Iceland is EFTA, not EU).", "data_retention": "Iceland does not currently impose blanket telecommunications data retention. The IMMI (Icelandic Modern Media Initiative) parliamentary resolution of 2010 set out an agenda to make Iceland a haven for press freedom; many of its components have been implemented.", "notable_for": [ "No DMCA equivalence", "Constitutional speech tradition", "EFTA, not EU — fewer harmonization pressures than NL or DE", "Renewable-energy datacenters", "Cluster of veteran privacy-focused providers" ], "risks": [ "Limited datacenter capacity vs Western Europe", "Higher pricing — small market, expensive to operate", "Some ccTLDs (.is) require local ID and cannot be registered anonymously" ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Icelandic_Modern_Media_Initiative", "title": "Wikipedia — Icelandic Modern Media Initiative", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://www.isnic.is/en/", "title": "ISNIC — .is registry policies", "accessed": "2026-05-12" } ], "same_as": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceland", "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/jurisdictions/iceland" }, { "country": "Malaysia", "slug": "malaysia", "flag": "🇲🇾", "summary": "Non-Western offshore hosting jurisdiction with copyright law structurally different from US/EU regimes. Hosts a small cluster of long-running offshore-marketed providers (notably Shinjiru). Useful for jurisdictional diversification when Iceland/Sweden are not enough distance.", "dmca_status": "Malaysia is not party to the US DMCA. Copyright is governed by the Malaysian Copyright Act 1987 (and amendments), which has its own takedown procedures. US notices have no statutory effect; complaints are evaluated under Malaysian law.", "data_retention": "Malaysia has its own telecommunications and data retention rules under the Communications and Multimedia Act 1998. The legal regime is materially different from EU GDPR; do not assume Western data-protection norms apply.", "notable_for": [ "Non-Western offshore option for jurisdictional diversification", "Long-running offshore-marketed providers", "APAC connectivity for SE Asian audiences" ], "risks": [ "Different legal regime — Western privacy expectations do not directly translate", "Higher RTT to Western audiences", "Less internationally visible legal track record than European offshore options" ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/legislation/details/14947", "title": "WIPO Lex — Malaysian Copyright Act 1987", "accessed": "2026-05-12" } ], "same_as": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia", "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q833" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/jurisdictions/malaysia" }, { "country": "Moldova", "slug": "moldova", "flag": "🇲🇩", "summary": "Non-EU European jurisdiction with the most aggressive value-pricing for offshore-marketed hosting. Moldovan copyright law applies; US DMCA has no statutory effect; EU DSA does not bind Moldova-only providers. Geopolitical proximity to active conflict zones is a real-world risk.", "dmca_status": "Moldova is not in the EU and not party to the US DMCA. Moldovan copyright law (Civil Code provisions and the Law on Copyright and Related Rights) applies. US DMCA notices have no statutory effect on Moldovan providers.", "data_retention": "Moldova has its own telecommunications regulations. The country has been progressively aligning some legislation with EU norms in the context of EU-accession negotiations (formally a candidate country since 2022) but is not yet bound by EU directives.", "notable_for": [ "Non-EU, non-DMCA jurisdiction", "Aggressive pricing — among the cheapest offshore options in Europe", "European-region latency for EU audiences", "Useful diversification from the Iceland/Sweden/NL cluster" ], "risks": [ "Geopolitical proximity to active conflict zones (Ukraine, Transnistria)", "Smaller infrastructure base than Western EU", "Less internationally-visible legal track record", "EU candidate status — long-term regulatory direction may converge with EU law" ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.legis.md/cautare/getResults?doc_id=125260&lang=ro", "title": "Legis.md — Moldovan Law on Copyright and Related Rights (Romanian original)", "accessed": "2026-05-12" } ], "same_as": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moldova", "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/jurisdictions/moldova" }, { "country": "Netherlands", "slug": "netherlands", "flag": "🇳🇱", "summary": "Major European hosting hub with a permissive-but-EU-bound posture on copyright takedowns. Multiple offshore-marketed hosts operate from Dutch datacenters; AMS-IX provides the connectivity advantage. EU member, so subject to the Digital Services Act and InfoSoc directive.", "dmca_status": "EU member; the US DMCA has no statutory effect, but the EU notice-and-action regime under the DSA applies. Dutch courts have historically required formally complete complaints and have been slower to compel action than US safe-harbor providers.", "data_retention": "EU data retention rules apply in modified form post-Digital Rights Ireland. Practical retention varies by provider and product line.", "notable_for": [ "Massive datacenter density (AMS-IX is the world's largest by traffic)", "Excellent transatlantic and intra-EU connectivity", "Cluster of explicitly offshore-marketed hosts", "Cheaper than Iceland/Switzerland, faster than Romania" ], "risks": [ "EU member — DSA notice-and-action regime applies", "Pressure on adult/streaming content has increased over the past decade" ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.ams-ix.net/ams", "title": "AMS-IX — Amsterdam Internet Exchange", "accessed": "2026-05-12" } ], "same_as": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netherlands", "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/jurisdictions/netherlands" }, { "country": "Norway", "slug": "norway", "flag": "🇳🇴", "summary": "Nordic non-EU jurisdiction with strong infrastructure, cheap renewable power, and Norwegian copyright law (Åndsverkloven) that does not implement the US DMCA. Less brand-visible than Iceland or Sweden but legally similar; lower-cost than Iceland.", "dmca_status": "Norway is not in the EU but is in the EEA. Norwegian copyright law (Åndsverkloven) applies. The US DMCA has no statutory effect. EU DSA does not directly bind Norway-only providers (EEA implementation lags EU-member timelines and the EFTA Court interprets EEA-relevant directives separately).", "data_retention": "Norway has its own telecommunications retention rules. Norwegian courts and parliament have responded to the CJEU's data-retention case law by narrowing the regime. Practical retention varies by ISP and product.", "notable_for": [ "Nordic non-EU jurisdiction", "Cheap renewable hydroelectric power", "Excellent submarine cable connectivity", "Less attention than Iceland or Sweden — useful for low-profile infrastructure" ], "risks": [ "Less internationally-visible legal track record than Iceland/Sweden", "Smaller cluster of privacy-focused hosts" ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://lovdata.no/dokument/NLE/lov/2018-06-15-40", "title": "Lovdata — Åndsverkloven (Norwegian Copyright Act)", "accessed": "2026-05-12" } ], "same_as": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norway", "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/jurisdictions/norway" }, { "country": "Romania", "slug": "romania", "flag": "🇷🇴", "summary": "EU member with a notably slower copyright-enforcement track record than Western EU hosts. Combines EU connectivity and procedural law with offshore-style marketing-tolerance. Several DMCA-ignored hosts operate from Romanian datacenters.", "dmca_status": "EU member implementing EU copyright directives. US DMCA notices have no statutory effect. Romanian courts have historically been slower than German, French or Dutch courts to compel action on cross-border copyright complaints.", "data_retention": "Romanian Constitutional Court struck down the country's data retention law in 2014 in response to the CJEU Digital Rights Ireland judgment. Subsequent legislation has been narrower than the original.", "notable_for": [ "EU connectivity at lower cost than the Netherlands or Germany", "Slower copyright enforcement track record", "Constitutional Court that has invalidated overreaching surveillance law", "Several explicitly offshore-marketed hosts" ], "risks": [ "EU member — DSA notice-and-action regime applies", "Less internationally visible legal track record than Sweden or Iceland" ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunications_data_retention#Romania", "title": "Wikipedia — Romanian data retention case history", "accessed": "2026-05-12" } ], "same_as": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romania", "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q218" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/jurisdictions/romania" }, { "country": "Sweden", "slug": "sweden", "flag": "🇸🇪", "summary": "Sweden hosts some of the longest-running free-speech and DMCA-resistant providers on earth, including PRQ (founded by Pirate Bay co-founders) and Bahnhof (the WikiLeaks host). Strong privacy tradition and a track record of legal pushback against EU data retention.", "dmca_status": "Sweden is an EU member and implements EU copyright directives. The US DMCA has no statutory effect, but the EU notice-and-action regime applies. Swedish providers have a track record of pushing back against extra-jurisdictional copyright complaints, and Swedish courts have been notably skeptical of bulk takedown requests.", "data_retention": "Bahnhof publicly refused to log under the EU Data Retention Directive; the CJEU later invalidated the directive (Digital Rights Ireland, 2014). Sweden's national data retention regime has been narrowed in response. Practical retention varies by ISP and product.", "notable_for": [ "Cradle of modern free-speech hosting (PRQ → Pirate Bay → WikiLeaks)", "Active legal pushback against surveillance", "Bahnhof's Pionen datacenter (former nuclear bunker)", "Strong submarine cable connectivity", "Establishment of Njalla (Sweden-operated, Nevis-incorporated)" ], "risks": [ "EU member — subject to EU copyright directives", "Sustained pressure from US rightsholders historically (Pirate Bay raids)" ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRQ", "title": "Wikipedia — PRQ", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahnhof_(company)", "title": "Wikipedia — Bahnhof", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://curia.europa.eu/juris/document/document.jsf?docid=150642", "title": "CJEU — Digital Rights Ireland judgment (data retention)", "accessed": "2026-05-12" } ], "same_as": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweden", "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/jurisdictions/sweden" }, { "country": "Switzerland", "slug": "switzerland", "flag": "🇨🇭", "summary": "Non-EU European jurisdiction with the strongest constitutional privacy framework in the region. Robust data-protection law (revFADP), judicial independence, no DMCA equivalence. Premium pricing and limited 'anonymous-signup' options, but unmatched legal due process.", "dmca_status": "Switzerland is not party to the US DMCA. Swiss copyright law (URG/LDA) was substantially amended in 2020 to add a notice-and-action regime, but it requires formally complete complaints, gives the user an opportunity to respond, and contested cases require court adjudication. Bulk automated takedowns face a higher bar than under US safe-harbor.", "data_retention": "Swiss telecommunications retention rules exist (BÜPF/LSCPT) but are narrower than EU-member-state regimes and Swiss courts have actively pushed back on overreach. Swiss data-protection law (revFADP, in force 2023) closely tracks EU GDPR but is enforced by the Swiss FDPIC.", "notable_for": [ "Non-EU, non-DMCA jurisdiction", "Strongest constitutional privacy framework in Europe", "Judicial independence and procedural rigor", "Bank-secrecy legal tradition transferred to data privacy", "Home of major privacy-tech companies (Proton, Threema, Mullvad-adjacent)" ], "risks": [ "Premium pricing — Swiss cost base is high", "Limited 'anonymous-signup' options vs Iceland or Sweden", "Mutual legal assistance treaties with the US can be invoked for serious cases" ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.fedlex.admin.ch/eli/cc/1993/1798_1798_1798/en", "title": "Swiss Confederation — Copyright Act (URG / LDA, English consolidated)", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://www.edoeb.admin.ch/edoeb/en/home.html", "title": "FDPIC — Swiss Federal Data Protection and Information Commissioner", "accessed": "2026-05-12" }, { "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Act_on_Data_Protection_(Switzerland)", "title": "Wikipedia — Swiss Federal Act on Data Protection (revFADP)", "accessed": "2026-05-12" } ], "same_as": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland", "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/jurisdictions/switzerland" }, { "country": "United Kingdom (avoid for privacy-sensitive workloads)", "slug": "united-kingdom", "flag": "🇬🇧", "summary": "The United Kingdom has aggressive online-content regulation (Online Safety Act 2023), Investigatory Powers Act surveillance authority, and post-Brexit weakened privacy protections. Excellent technical infrastructure but among the worst Western jurisdictions for privacy-sensitive hosting. Listed as counterpoint.", "dmca_status": "Not party to the US DMCA but has its own Copyright, Designs and Patents Act with similar takedown procedures. The Online Safety Act 2023 adds extensive content-moderation obligations on hosts serving UK users.", "data_retention": "Investigatory Powers Act 2016 creates broad data-retention requirements for ISPs and bulk powers for surveillance agencies. Has survived European Court of Human Rights challenges in modified form.", "notable_for": [ "Excellent technical infrastructure (London is a major global hub)", "English-language operations (no language barrier)", "Stable rule-of-law environment", "Major financial / business services" ], "risks": [ "Online Safety Act 2023 — extensive content-moderation obligations", "Investigatory Powers Act 2016 — bulk surveillance powers", "Brexit removed some EU privacy protections (UK-GDPR is similar but UK-controlled)", "Active rights-holder enforcement (BPI / Ofcom)", "Online Safety Act creates broad encryption-undermining authority (in theory)", "Aggressive enforcement of online-content regulation post-2023" ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2023/50/contents", "title": "UK Online Safety Act 2023 (legislation.gov.uk)", "accessed": "2026-05-12" } ], "same_as": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom", "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/jurisdictions/united-kingdom" }, { "country": "United States (avoid for DMCA-resistance)", "slug": "united-states", "flag": "🇺🇸", "summary": "The United States is the original DMCA jurisdiction and the worst choice for DMCA-resistant hosting. US providers are bound by Section 512 safe harbor and act on infringement notices to preserve liability protection. Listed here as a counterpoint — when to deliberately avoid US infrastructure.", "dmca_status": "United States is the home of the DMCA. Section 512 creates a notice-and-takedown safe harbor that all US-based service providers act on. There is no US-domiciled host that meaningfully ignores DMCA notices at scale.", "data_retention": "Varies by service type. ECPA (Electronic Communications Privacy Act) governs but has many exceptions and weaknesses. National Security Letters can compel data with non-disclosure orders. Subject to FISA Section 702 collection.", "notable_for": [ "Origin jurisdiction of the DMCA", "Strong copyright enforcement infrastructure (DMCA bots, MPAA / RIAA)", "FISA Section 702 surveillance jurisdiction", "Most major hyperscalers (AWS / GCP / Azure) headquartered here" ], "risks": [ "Full DMCA exposure — bots send notices at industrial scale", "Subject to US legal process including civil discovery, subpoenas", "Mutual legal assistance treaties allow most foreign requests", "Payment-processor pressure (Visa / Mastercard tighten merchant categories)", "Account-level deplatforming risk" ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap5.html#512", "title": "US Copyright Office — Title 17 Chapter 5 Section 512 (DMCA safe harbor)", "accessed": "2026-05-12" } ], "same_as": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States", "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/jurisdictions/united-states" } ], "guides": [ { "title": "How to choose a DMCA-ignored host: a 2026 decision framework", "slug": "choose-dmca-ignored-host", "summary": "A step-by-step decision framework for picking the right DMCA-ignored hosting provider in 2026: clarify your threat model, choose your jurisdiction, pick your payment posture, then narrow on operator profile and price.", "intent": "how to choose dmca ignored hosting provider", "related_providers": [ "silenthosts", "bullethost", "flokinet", "njalla", "1984hosting", "privex" ], "related_guides": [ "anonymous-vps-monero", "anonymous-domain-registration" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-13", "order": 0, "url": "https://notdmca.org/guides/choose-dmca-ignored-host" }, { "title": "How to buy an anonymous VPS with Monero in 2026", "slug": "anonymous-vps-monero", "summary": "Step-by-step playbook for acquiring a no-KYC virtual private server paid in Monero, with the 2026 list of providers that support it as a first-class payment method and the operational steps to keep the signup unlinkable to your real identity.", "intent": "buy anonymous vps with monero", "related_providers": [ "xmrhost", "silenthosts", "njalla", "flokinet", "privex" ], "related_guides": [ "tor-hidden-service-hosting", "anonymous-domain-registration" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-13", "order": 1, "url": "https://notdmca.org/guides/anonymous-vps-monero" }, { "title": "How to register a domain anonymously in 2026", "slug": "anonymous-domain-registration", "summary": "What anonymous domain registration actually means, how WHOIS privacy compares to the owns-on-behalf model used by Njalla, which TLDs you can register anonymously, and which payment paths preserve the anonymity.", "intent": "register domain anonymously", "related_providers": [ "bunkerdomains", "silenthosts", "njalla", "1984hosting", "flokinet" ], "related_guides": [ "anonymous-vps-monero" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-13", "order": 2, "url": "https://notdmca.org/guides/anonymous-domain-registration" }, { "title": "How to host a Tor hidden service (.onion) in 2026", "slug": "tor-hidden-service-hosting", "summary": "Practical guide to hosting a Tor onion service: choosing a host that won't pull the plug, hardening the server, configuring v3 onion addresses, and operational practices to preserve hidden-service anonymity.", "intent": "host tor hidden service onion", "related_providers": [ "offshorepress", "bullethost", "njalla", "flokinet", "privex" ], "related_guides": [ "anonymous-vps-monero" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-13", "order": 3, "url": "https://notdmca.org/guides/tor-hidden-service-hosting" }, { "title": "DMCA-ignored hosting for streaming and adult content (2026)", "slug": "dmca-ignored-streaming", "summary": "Where to host streaming, adult and high-bandwidth content that has been deplatformed by mainstream US/EU providers. Bandwidth pricing, DMCA realities, and the providers that explicitly accept these workloads.", "intent": "dmca ignored hosting streaming adult", "related_providers": [ "silenthosts", "bullethost", "flokinet", "abelohost", "shinjiru", "orangewebsite" ], "related_guides": [ "anonymous-vps-monero" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-13", "order": 4, "url": "https://notdmca.org/guides/dmca-ignored-streaming" }, { "title": "Anonymous email hosting: self-hosted vs managed (2026)", "slug": "anonymous-email-hosting", "summary": "Whether to self-host email on an anonymous VPS or use a privacy-focused managed provider, the trade-offs of each, and the 2026 shortlist of providers that support anonymous email accounts and self-hosted mail servers.", "intent": "anonymous email hosting", "related_providers": [ "1984hosting", "njalla", "flokinet" ], "related_guides": [ "anonymous-vps-monero", "anonymous-domain-registration" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "order": 5, "url": "https://notdmca.org/guides/anonymous-email-hosting" }, { "title": "Iceland vs Switzerland vs Sweden: choosing your hosting jurisdiction (2026)", "slug": "iceland-vs-switzerland-vs-sweden", "summary": "The three premier European jurisdictions for privacy-preserving infrastructure compared head-to-head: legal posture, signup anonymity, infrastructure quality, brand visibility, price. With recommendations by use case.", "intent": "iceland vs switzerland vs sweden hosting", "related_providers": [ "1984hosting", "flokinet", "infomaniak", "bahnhof", "njalla" ], "related_guides": [ "choose-dmca-ignored-host" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "order": 6, "url": "https://notdmca.org/guides/iceland-vs-switzerland-vs-sweden" }, { "title": "How to host a Bitcoin or Lightning node anonymously (2026)", "slug": "bitcoin-node-hosting", "summary": "Self-hosting a Bitcoin full node, Electrum server or Lightning routing node on an offshore VPS: storage requirements, jurisdiction choice, signup anonymity, and the operational steps to keep node operation unlinked to your real identity.", "intent": "host bitcoin lightning node anonymously", "related_providers": [ "privex", "flokinet", "njalla", "buyvm" ], "related_guides": [ "anonymous-vps-monero", "tor-hidden-service-hosting" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "order": 7, "url": "https://notdmca.org/guides/bitcoin-node-hosting" }, { "title": "How to host an anonymous Mastodon / Fediverse instance (2026)", "slug": "anonymous-mastodon-fediverse", "summary": "Operational guide to running a single-user or small-community Mastodon, Pleroma or other Fediverse server on an offshore, no-KYC VPS: server sizing, jurisdiction, federation reality check, and moderation considerations.", "intent": "anonymous mastodon fediverse hosting", "related_providers": [ "flokinet", "njalla", "1984hosting", "hosthatch" ], "related_guides": [ "anonymous-vps-monero", "anonymous-domain-registration" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "order": 8, "url": "https://notdmca.org/guides/anonymous-mastodon-fediverse" }, { "title": "Hosting infrastructure for a privacy-focused VPN provider (2026)", "slug": "vpn-provider-business", "summary": "If you're building a commercial or community VPN service: how to choose VPS / dedicated server providers across multiple jurisdictions, balance no-logs commitments against host-side realities, and handle the abuse / takedown traffic VPN exit nodes attract.", "intent": "vpn provider hosting infrastructure", "related_providers": [ "flokinet", "buyvm", "hosthatch", "privex", "abelohost" ], "related_guides": [ "choose-dmca-ignored-host" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "order": 9, "url": "https://notdmca.org/guides/vpn-provider-business" }, { "title": "How to migrate from AWS to a DMCA-ignored offshore host (2026)", "slug": "migrate-from-aws", "summary": "Step-by-step playbook for migrating production workloads off AWS (or any US hyperscaler) to a no-KYC, DMCA-ignored offshore provider. Service mappings, data egress strategy, downtime planning, and recommended target providers by workload type.", "intent": "migrate from aws to offshore hosting", "related_providers": [ "flokinet", "1984hosting", "buyvm", "hosthatch", "privex" ], "related_guides": [ "choose-dmca-ignored-host", "anonymous-vps-monero" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "order": 20, "url": "https://notdmca.org/guides/migrate-from-aws" }, { "title": "How to migrate from Cloudflare to a privacy-aligned edge (2026)", "slug": "migrate-from-cloudflare", "summary": "Why and how to move off Cloudflare's CDN / reverse proxy: replacement options, DNS migration steps, origin IP exposure mitigation, recommended privacy-aligned CDN alternatives. Critical for operators relying on Cloudflare to hide DMCA-sensitive infrastructure.", "intent": "migrate off cloudflare alternative", "related_providers": [ "flokinet", "njalla", "buyvm" ], "related_guides": [ "choose-dmca-ignored-host" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "order": 21, "url": "https://notdmca.org/guides/migrate-from-cloudflare" }, { "title": "How to migrate a domain from GoDaddy (or any US registrar) to Njalla (2026)", "slug": "migrate-godaddy-to-njalla", "summary": "Step-by-step domain transfer from GoDaddy or other US-based registrars to Njalla's owns-on-behalf model. EPP / auth code retrieval, ICANN's 60-day rule, downtime avoidance, and what changes about WHOIS once the transfer completes.", "intent": "transfer domain godaddy to njalla", "related_providers": [ "njalla", "1984hosting" ], "related_guides": [ "anonymous-domain-registration" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "order": 22, "url": "https://notdmca.org/guides/migrate-godaddy-to-njalla" }, { "title": "How to migrate from Hetzner (Germany) to Iceland-based hosting (2026)", "slug": "migrate-hetzner-to-iceland", "summary": "Migrating off German hosting to Iceland-based privacy-friendly providers: why Germany is no longer a comfortable home for some workloads, target Icelandic providers by use case, and the full move playbook.", "intent": "migrate hetzner germany to iceland hosting", "related_providers": [ "1984hosting", "flokinet", "orangewebsite" ], "related_guides": [ "choose-dmca-ignored-host", "iceland-vs-switzerland-vs-sweden" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "order": 23, "url": "https://notdmca.org/guides/migrate-hetzner-to-iceland" }, { "title": "How to migrate a WordPress site to DMCA-ignored hosting (2026)", "slug": "migrate-wordpress", "summary": "Step-by-step migration of a WordPress site from a US-based host (BlueHost, GoDaddy, etc.) to a DMCA-ignored offshore provider. Plugin choices, database export, media transfer, SSL, and avoiding common WordPress migration breaks.", "intent": "migrate wordpress to dmca ignored hosting", "related_providers": [ "1984hosting", "orangewebsite", "abelohost", "hostsailor" ], "related_guides": [ "choose-dmca-ignored-host", "migrate-godaddy-to-njalla" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "order": 24, "url": "https://notdmca.org/guides/migrate-wordpress" }, { "title": "How to pay for hosting with cash by mail (2026)", "slug": "pay-hosting-cash", "summary": "The most off-grid payment method for anonymous hosting: physical cash mailed to a published postal address. Which providers accept it, the operational steps, packaging conventions, and how to avoid common interception risks.", "intent": "pay hosting cash by mail anonymous", "related_providers": [ "njalla", "flokinet" ], "related_guides": [ "anonymous-vps-monero" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "order": 25, "url": "https://notdmca.org/guides/pay-hosting-cash" }, { "title": "How to pay for hosting with Bitcoin Lightning (2026)", "slug": "pay-hosting-lightning", "summary": "Bitcoin Lightning Network payments for hosting providers in 2026: which providers accept it, when Lightning is better than on-chain Bitcoin or Monero, wallet recommendations, and the operational walkthrough.", "intent": "pay hosting bitcoin lightning network", "related_providers": [ "njalla", "flokinet", "buyvm", "hosthatch" ], "related_guides": [ "anonymous-vps-monero", "bitcoin-node-hosting" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "order": 26, "url": "https://notdmca.org/guides/pay-hosting-lightning" }, { "title": "How to host Nextcloud anonymously on a DMCA-ignored VPS (2026)", "slug": "host-nextcloud", "summary": "Self-hosting a Nextcloud instance (file sync, calendar, contacts, office suite) on a no-KYC offshore VPS. Sizing, install method, performance tuning, and which DMCA-ignored hosts are best for the workload.", "intent": "host nextcloud anonymously offshore vps", "related_providers": [ "flokinet", "1984hosting", "buyvm", "hosthatch" ], "related_guides": [ "anonymous-vps-monero", "anonymous-domain-registration" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "order": 30, "url": "https://notdmca.org/guides/host-nextcloud" }, { "title": "How to host a Matrix / Synapse server anonymously (2026)", "slug": "host-matrix", "summary": "Self-hosted Matrix homeserver (Synapse, Dendrite, or Conduit) on a no-KYC offshore VPS. Federation considerations, end-to-end encryption setup, voice / video bridge, and provider recommendations.", "intent": "host matrix synapse server anonymous", "related_providers": [ "flokinet", "1984hosting", "hosthatch", "privex" ], "related_guides": [ "anonymous-vps-monero", "anonymous-domain-registration" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "order": 31, "url": "https://notdmca.org/guides/host-matrix" }, { "title": "How to host Vaultwarden (Bitwarden) on an offshore VPS (2026)", "slug": "host-vaultwarden", "summary": "Self-hosted Vaultwarden — the lightweight Rust-based Bitwarden-compatible password manager — on an anonymous offshore VPS. Tiny resource requirements, full Bitwarden client compatibility, security hardening.", "intent": "host vaultwarden bitwarden self-hosted", "related_providers": [ "hosthatch", "buyvm", "privex", "flokinet" ], "related_guides": [ "anonymous-vps-monero", "host-nextcloud" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "order": 32, "url": "https://notdmca.org/guides/host-vaultwarden" }, { "title": "How to host a Jitsi Meet video-conference server anonymously (2026)", "slug": "host-jitsi", "summary": "Self-hosted Jitsi Meet on a no-KYC offshore VPS for private group video calls. Bandwidth requirements, JVB sizing, recording configuration, and which DMCA-ignored providers handle the workload.", "intent": "host jitsi meet self-hosted offshore", "related_providers": [ "flokinet", "hosthatch", "abelohost" ], "related_guides": [ "anonymous-vps-monero" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "order": 33, "url": "https://notdmca.org/guides/host-jitsi" }, { "title": "How to host SearXNG (private metasearch engine) anonymously (2026)", "slug": "host-searxng", "summary": "Self-hosted SearXNG metasearch — Google / Bing / DuckDuckGo aggregator with no tracking. Tiny resource footprint; ideal first project for a no-KYC offshore VPS.", "intent": "host searxng searx self-hosted private search", "related_providers": [ "hosthatch", "buyvm", "privex", "alexhost" ], "related_guides": [ "anonymous-vps-monero" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "order": 34, "url": "https://notdmca.org/guides/host-searxng" }, { "title": "How to host a Pixelfed (federated photo) instance anonymously (2026)", "slug": "host-pixelfed", "summary": "Self-hosted Pixelfed — the Instagram-like federated photo platform — on an anonymous offshore VPS. Storage planning, ActivityPub federation considerations, and recommended providers.", "intent": "host pixelfed instagram alternative self-hosted", "related_providers": [ "flokinet", "1984hosting", "buyvm" ], "related_guides": [ "anonymous-vps-monero", "anonymous-mastodon-fediverse" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "order": 35, "url": "https://notdmca.org/guides/host-pixelfed" }, { "title": "How to host FreshRSS (self-hosted RSS reader) anonymously (2026)", "slug": "host-freshrss", "summary": "Self-hosted FreshRSS — the leading PHP-based RSS aggregator — on a cheap offshore VPS. Replaces Feedly / Inoreader / Google Reader. Tiny resource footprint, robust mobile clients, and full data ownership.", "intent": "host freshrss self-hosted rss reader", "related_providers": [ "hosthatch", "buyvm", "alexhost" ], "related_guides": [ "anonymous-vps-monero", "host-nextcloud" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "order": 36, "url": "https://notdmca.org/guides/host-freshrss" }, { "title": "DMCA-ignored hosting vs Cloudflare: when each makes sense (2026)", "slug": "dmca-ignored-vs-cloudflare", "summary": "Comparing DMCA-ignored offshore hosting to Cloudflare's reverse-proxy / CDN model. They solve different problems — Cloudflare hides your origin IP and absorbs traffic; offshore hosting changes the legal posture of the origin itself. Most credible setups use both, carefully.", "intent": "dmca-ignored hosting vs cloudflare difference", "related_providers": [ "flokinet", "njalla" ], "related_guides": [ "migrate-from-cloudflare", "choose-dmca-ignored-host" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "order": 40, "url": "https://notdmca.org/guides/dmca-ignored-vs-cloudflare" }, { "title": "DMCA-ignored hosting vs VPN providers: different problems (2026)", "slug": "dmca-ignored-vs-vpn", "summary": "Why DMCA-ignored hosting and VPN services are not substitutes despite both being marketed under 'privacy'. They solve different problems: hosting is operator-side privacy (you serve content); VPN is client-side privacy (you consume content). Detailed comparison.", "intent": "dmca-ignored hosting vs vpn difference", "related_providers": [ "flokinet", "njalla" ], "related_guides": [ "choose-dmca-ignored-host" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "order": 41, "url": "https://notdmca.org/guides/dmca-ignored-vs-vpn" }, { "title": "DMCA-ignored hosting vs IPFS: when each makes sense (2026)", "slug": "dmca-ignored-vs-ipfs", "summary": "IPFS (InterPlanetary File System) and DMCA-ignored hosting solve overlapping but different problems. IPFS is content-addressed, peer-to-peer storage; DMCA-ignored hosting is server-side hosting in privacy jurisdictions. When to use each, and when to combine.", "intent": "ipfs vs dmca-ignored hosting comparison", "related_providers": [ "flokinet", "buyvm" ], "related_guides": [ "choose-dmca-ignored-host" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "order": 42, "url": "https://notdmca.org/guides/dmca-ignored-vs-ipfs" }, { "title": "DMCA-ignored hosting vs self-hosting from home (2026)", "slug": "dmca-ignored-vs-self-hosting-home", "summary": "Comparing offshore DMCA-ignored hosting to literally hosting from home (a Raspberry Pi or NAS on your residential connection). They're both 'self-hosted' but solve very different threat models. Detailed trade-off analysis.", "intent": "self-host home vs offshore vps", "related_providers": [ "hosthatch", "buyvm", "alexhost" ], "related_guides": [ "host-nextcloud", "host-vaultwarden" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "order": 43, "url": "https://notdmca.org/guides/dmca-ignored-vs-self-hosting-home" }, { "title": "DMCA-ignored hosting vs decentralized storage (Filecoin, Storj, Arweave) (2026)", "slug": "dmca-ignored-vs-decentralized-storage", "summary": "Comparing DMCA-ignored hosting to blockchain-backed decentralized storage networks (Filecoin, Storj, Arweave, Sia). They're not substitutes — decentralized storage is read-only file storage; DMCA-ignored hosting runs full applications. Detailed trade-off analysis.", "intent": "decentralized storage filecoin arweave vs hosting", "related_providers": [ "flokinet", "buyvm" ], "related_guides": [ "dmca-ignored-vs-ipfs" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "order": 44, "url": "https://notdmca.org/guides/dmca-ignored-vs-decentralized-storage" } ], "use_cases": [ { "title": "Hosting for journalists and source-protection (2026)", "slug": "journalists", "persona": "Independent journalists, investigative reporters, newsroom IT", "summary": "How journalists, investigative reporters and small newsroom IT teams should set up infrastructure to protect sources, weather DMCA spam, and survive deplatforming. Recommended providers, jurisdictions and operational practices.", "threat_model": "Hostile-state actors, well-funded civil litigants, automated DMCA spam, deplatforming risk from US-based mainstream hosts.", "recommended_providers": [ "offshorepress", "silenthosts", "njalla", "1984hosting", "flokinet", "bahnhof", "infomaniak" ], "recommended_jurisdictions": [ "iceland", "sweden", "switzerland" ], "related_guides": [ "anonymous-domain-registration", "anonymous-vps-monero", "anonymous-email-hosting" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-13", "order": 1, "url": "https://notdmca.org/use-cases/journalists" }, { "title": "Hosting for activist infrastructure (2026)", "slug": "activists", "persona": "Civil-society organizers, protest movements, NGOs, advocacy groups", "summary": "Infrastructure recommendations for activist groups: protest websites, mobilization platforms, secure mailing lists, community Mastodon instances. Provider picks for groups facing state pressure, deplatforming and DMCA-style speech suppression.", "threat_model": "State-level adversaries (in some contexts), corporate counter-mobilization, deplatforming by US-based platforms, infiltration / impersonation.", "recommended_providers": [ "offshorepress", "bullethost", "flokinet", "1984hosting", "njalla", "privex" ], "recommended_jurisdictions": [ "iceland", "sweden", "switzerland", "norway" ], "related_guides": [ "anonymous-vps-monero", "anonymous-mastodon-fediverse", "anonymous-domain-registration" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-13", "order": 2, "url": "https://notdmca.org/use-cases/activists" }, { "title": "Hosting for whistleblowing platforms (2026)", "slug": "whistleblowers", "persona": "Whistleblowing platform operators, ethics-hotline NGOs, leaks-receiving newsrooms", "summary": "How to architect infrastructure for a whistleblowing platform: SecureDrop deployment patterns, jurisdictional choice, source-anonymity threat model and operator-side recommendations. Provider picks for the publishing layer and the source-intake layer.", "threat_model": "State-level adversaries trying to identify sources; civil litigants trying to compel platform-side disclosure; technical attacks on source-anonymity infrastructure.", "recommended_providers": [ "offshorepress", "silenthosts", "flokinet", "njalla", "1984hosting", "privex" ], "recommended_jurisdictions": [ "iceland", "sweden", "switzerland" ], "related_guides": [ "tor-hidden-service-hosting", "anonymous-vps-monero", "anonymous-domain-registration" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-13", "order": 3, "url": "https://notdmca.org/use-cases/whistleblowers" }, { "title": "Hosting for adult content sites (2026)", "slug": "adult-content", "persona": "Independent adult creators, adult site operators, adult-tube administrators", "summary": "Where legal adult content can be hosted in 2026 without auto-deplatforming, the bandwidth and DMCA realities, payment-processor considerations, and recommended providers by content category.", "threat_model": "Aggressive automated DMCA campaigns, payment-processor deplatforming, increasing DSA/EU pressure on adult content, age-verification regulation.", "recommended_providers": [ "silenthosts", "bullethost", "flokinet", "abelohost", "shinjiru", "orangewebsite", "hostsailor" ], "recommended_jurisdictions": [ "iceland", "netherlands", "romania", "malaysia" ], "related_guides": [ "dmca-ignored-streaming", "anonymous-vps-monero" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-13", "order": 4, "url": "https://notdmca.org/use-cases/adult-content" }, { "title": "Hosting for crypto / Web3 projects (2026)", "slug": "crypto-projects", "persona": "DeFi protocol operators, NFT platforms, crypto media, decentralized application teams", "summary": "Crypto and Web3 projects need infrastructure that accepts crypto payment, tolerates regulatory uncertainty, and survives the regular waves of jurisdiction-specific enforcement actions. Provider picks for front-end hosting, RPC endpoints, indexers, and developer infrastructure.", "threat_model": "Regulator-driven ISP / cloud takedowns (e.g. SEC enforcement actions targeting front-ends); jurisdictional uncertainty around stablecoins, mixers and DeFi; operator deplatforming.", "recommended_providers": [ "xmrhost", "bullethost", "privex", "flokinet", "njalla", "hosthatch", "buyvm" ], "recommended_jurisdictions": [ "sweden", "iceland", "switzerland", "romania" ], "related_guides": [ "bitcoin-node-hosting", "anonymous-vps-monero", "anonymous-domain-registration" ], "last_updated": "2026-05-13", "order": 5, "url": "https://notdmca.org/use-cases/crypto-projects" } ], "articles": [ { "title": "The state of DMCA-ignored hosting in 2026", "slug": "state-of-2026", "summary": "An editorial assessment of the DMCA-ignored, no-KYC and offshore hosting landscape as of May 2026: which jurisdictions are gaining strength, which providers consolidated, what changed under the EU DSA, what the long-term trajectory looks like.", "last_updated": "2026-05-13", "type": "essay", "order": 1, "url": "https://notdmca.org/articles/state-of-2026" }, { "title": "Hosting-incident timeline: notable raids, takedowns and pushbacks", "slug": "incident-timeline", "summary": "A curated, dated timeline of publicly-known incidents involving DMCA-ignored, no-KYC and offshore hosting providers — police raids, court orders, deplatformings, public legal pushbacks. Useful for assessing real-world track records when picking a host.", "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "type": "timeline", "order": 2, "url": "https://notdmca.org/articles/incident-timeline" }, { "title": "Best Monero VPS 2026: XMRHost vs Privex vs Njalla vs FlokiNET vs SilentHosts", "slug": "monero-vps-comparison-2026", "summary": "Head-to-head comparison of the five Monero-accepting VPS providers worth shortlisting in 2026: XMRHost, Privex, Njalla VPS, FlokiNET and SilentHosts. Checkout flow, jurisdiction, no-KYC posture, pricing and the right pick by use case.", "last_updated": "2026-05-13", "type": "report", "order": 2, "url": "https://notdmca.org/articles/monero-vps-comparison-2026" }, { "title": "Anonymous registrar comparison 2026: Njalla vs BunkerDomains vs 1984 Hosting vs FlokiNET", "slug": "anonymous-registrar-comparison-2026", "summary": "Head-to-head comparison of the anonymous-friendly domain registrars worth shortlisting in 2026: Njalla (owns-on-behalf), BunkerDomains (Seychelles crypto-only), 1984 Hosting (ICANN-accredited Icelandic), FlokiNET (bundled with hosting). Models, payment posture, WHOIS treatment, the right pick by use case.", "last_updated": "2026-05-13", "type": "report", "order": 3, "url": "https://notdmca.org/articles/anonymous-registrar-comparison-2026" }, { "title": "Offshore VPS showdown 2026: SilentHosts vs BulletHost vs FlokiNET vs HostHatch vs BuyVM Luxembourg", "slug": "offshore-vps-showdown-2026", "summary": "Head-to-head comparison of the five offshore VPS providers worth shortlisting in 2026 for DMCA-resistant, no-KYC, crypto-friendly compute: SilentHosts, BulletHost, FlokiNET, HostHatch, BuyVM Luxembourg. Jurisdictional posture, payment, pricing and use-case fit.", "last_updated": "2026-05-13", "type": "report", "order": 4, "url": "https://notdmca.org/articles/offshore-vps-showdown-2026" }, { "title": "Press-freedom hosting 2026: OffshorePress vs FlokiNET vs OrangeWebsite vs 1984 Hosting vs Bahnhof", "slug": "press-freedom-hosting-2026", "summary": "Comparison of the five hosting providers most worth considering for independent journalism, whistleblowing platforms and press-freedom-aligned use cases in 2026: OffshorePress, FlokiNET, OrangeWebsite, 1984 Hosting, Bahnhof. Jurisdictional posture, Tor friendliness, no-KYC support and operational fit by use case.", "last_updated": "2026-05-13", "type": "report", "order": 5, "url": "https://notdmca.org/articles/press-freedom-hosting-2026" } ], "faq": [ { "question": "Which hosting providers ignore DMCA notices?", "answer_short": "Hosts that publicly ignore US DMCA notices typically operate from jurisdictions outside the DMCA's reach — Iceland, Romania, the Netherlands, the Seychelles or Russia. Established options include FlokiNET, OrangeWebsite (both Iceland) and Njalla (registrar layer, Sweden/Nevis). All comply with their local law; none are 'lawless'.", "category": "DMCA", "order": 1, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#dmca-ignored-hosting" }, { "question": "Which VPS providers accept Monero?", "answer_short": "Njalla and FlokiNET accept Monero as a first-class payment method alongside Bitcoin and cash by mail. BuyVM and OrangeWebsite accept Bitcoin and other crypto but Monero support varies — verify at checkout.", "category": "Payments", "order": 2, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#monero-vps" }, { "question": "Can I register a domain anonymously?", "answer_short": "Yes for most gTLDs. Njalla registers the domain in its own name on your behalf so you never appear in WHOIS. 1984 Hosting and FlokiNET offer standard WHOIS privacy services. Country-code TLDs (.is, .de, .fr) typically require verifiable local ID by registry policy and cannot be registered anonymously.", "category": "Domains", "order": 3, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#anonymous-domain" }, { "question": "What is the difference between DMCA-ignored and bulletproof hosting?", "answer_short": "DMCA-ignored hosts operate legally in jurisdictions outside the DMCA's reach and decline to act on US copyright notices, but comply with their local law. Bulletproof hosting refers to providers that knowingly host illegal content and resist law enforcement; it is criminal in most jurisdictions. This directory covers DMCA-ignored / privacy-friendly hosts only.", "category": "DMCA", "order": 4, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#dmca-vs-bulletproof" }, { "question": "Which offshore jurisdictions are best for hosting?", "answer_short": "Iceland (no DMCA, strong speech tradition), the Netherlands (permissive but EU-bound), Romania (permissive, EU), Switzerland (privacy-strong), and Nevis or the Seychelles (corporate domiciles). Russia, Belarus and Iran offer the most takedown resistance but carry geopolitical and reliability risks.", "category": "Jurisdictions", "order": 5, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#offshore-jurisdictions" }, { "question": "Which hosts accept cash by mail?", "answer_short": "Njalla and FlokiNET both publish a postal address for cash deposits. This is the most off-grid payment option — no exchange, no card, no on-chain trace. Always send wrapped, never registered (which creates a paper trail), and use a return address you control or a poste-restante.", "category": "Payments", "order": 6, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#cash-by-mail" }, { "question": "What is the best DMCA-ignored hosting provider in 2026?", "answer_short": "FlokiNET (Iceland / Romania / Finland / Netherlands) is our top overall pick — explicit free-speech mission, multi-jurisdiction, accepts Monero and cash by mail. For domain registrar layer specifically, Njalla. For maximum value, HostSailor or BuyVM (Luxembourg). Full ranking at /best.", "category": "Recommendations", "order": 7, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#best-dmca-ignored-2026" }, { "question": "Iceland vs Sweden vs Romania for hosting — what's the difference?", "answer_short": "Iceland: outside EU, no DMCA, strongest jurisdictional posture but expensive and limited capacity. Sweden: EU member with the longest free-speech-host track record (PRQ, Bahnhof) but EU-bound. Romania: EU member with notably slower copyright enforcement and the best price-per-spec; lower brand visibility.", "category": "Jurisdictions", "order": 8, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#iceland-vs-sweden-vs-romania" }, { "question": "Njalla vs 1984 Hosting — which should I pick?", "answer_short": "Pick Njalla if your priority is domain anonymity (Njalla owns the domain on your behalf, so you never appear in WHOIS at all). Pick 1984 Hosting if you want a full Iceland-jurisdiction stack — domain, shared/VPS hosting, and email — under a long-running ICANN-accredited cooperative.", "category": "Comparisons", "order": 10, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#njalla-vs-1984" }, { "question": "Where can I get bulletproof hosting?", "answer_short": "This directory does not list bulletproof hosting. 'Bulletproof' specifically means hosts that knowingly host illegal content and resist law enforcement, which is a criminal category in most jurisdictions. We list DMCA-ignored hosts — providers that operate legally in jurisdictions outside the DMCA's reach but still comply with local law.", "category": "DMCA", "order": 11, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#bulletproof-hosting-list" }, { "question": "Can I use Cloudflare in front of a DMCA-ignored host?", "answer_short": "Technically yes, but Cloudflare has its own takedown criteria independent of your origin host's DMCA posture. Cloudflare has dropped customers (Daily Stormer, Kiwi Farms) for non-DMCA reasons. If your strategy requires DMCA resistance, do not rely on Cloudflare as your only edge layer — use a CDN in your host's jurisdiction or self-host the edge.", "category": "Operations", "order": 12, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#cloudflare-and-dmca" }, { "question": "Are offshore VPN providers the same as offshore hosting?", "answer_short": "No. VPN providers (Mullvad, IVPN, ProtonVPN) sell client-side privacy: you're a customer of theirs and they hide your traffic from your local ISP. Offshore hosts sell server-side infrastructure: you operate a service from their datacenter. Different threat models, different vendors. This directory covers offshore hosting only.", "category": "Definitions", "order": 13, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#offshore-vpn-providers" }, { "question": "Dedicated server vs VPS — does it matter for anonymity?", "answer_short": "Mostly no. Both leave the host with full control over the physical layer. A dedicated server gives you better isolation against noisy-neighbor side-channels, but neither prevents the host from imaging your disk under court order. For real anonymity, the host's jurisdiction and willingness to resist matters far more than VPS-vs-dedicated.", "category": "Operations", "order": 14, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#dedicated-vs-vps-anonymity" }, { "question": "What is the cheapest anonymous VPS in 2026?", "answer_short": "AlexHost (Moldova) and HostHatch (multi-jurisdiction) both offer entry KVM VPS from ~$2-4/month with no-KYC signup and crypto payment. BuyVM Luxembourg ~$2/mo is also competitive but its US locations are DMCA-bound. For sub-$5/mo with explicit DMCA-ignored marketing, AlexHost is the headline pick.", "category": "Recommendations", "order": 15, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#anonymous-vps-cheap" }, { "question": "Is HostHatch DMCA-ignored?", "answer_short": "It depends on the datacenter. HostHatch is a multi-jurisdiction VPS provider; its non-US locations (Iceland, Romania, Finland, Sweden, the Netherlands) operate under local law and do not auto-act on US DMCA notices. Its US locations are subject to the DMCA. The provider does not market 'DMCA-ignored' as a brand identity but is content-permissive in non-US datacenters.", "category": "Provider FAQ", "order": 16, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#hosthatch-dmca" }, { "question": "Switzerland vs Iceland — which is better for privacy hosting?", "answer_short": "Iceland offers stronger anonymous-signup options and is cheaper; Switzerland offers stronger legal due process and higher reliability but limited anonymous-signup. For maximum anonymity pick Iceland (FlokiNET / 1984). For maximum legal predictability with real-name signup, pick Switzerland (Infomaniak). The combination of both is also viable for serious operators.", "category": "Comparisons", "order": 17, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#swiss-vs-icelandic-hosting" }, { "question": "What does 'anonymous hosting' actually mean?", "answer_short": "It typically means: signup that does not require government ID (no-KYC), payment that does not link to your real identity (Monero, cash, anonymous Bitcoin), and a hosting jurisdiction that won't readily disclose your account information. Different providers solve different parts of this — true end-to-end anonymity requires combining all three.", "category": "Definitions", "order": 18, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#anonymous-hosting-meaning" }, { "question": "What does 'offshore hosting' mean?", "answer_short": "Hosting infrastructure operated outside your home jurisdiction — typically in a country with stronger privacy law, weaker reciprocal copyright enforcement, or favorable corporate secrecy. 'Offshore' is relative to where you and your adversaries are: an Icelandic host is offshore for a US-based customer; a US-based customer using a US host is on-shore.", "category": "Definitions", "order": 19, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#offshore-meaning" }, { "question": "What's the difference between a registrar and a hosting provider?", "answer_short": "A domain registrar registers your domain with the relevant registry; it doesn't host content. A hosting provider runs the servers your content lives on. You usually need both, often from different providers. The registrar holds your domain identity; the host holds your content.", "category": "Definitions", "order": 20, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#registrar-vs-host" }, { "question": "Should I file a DMCA counter-notice?", "answer_short": "Counter-notices apply in the US safe-harbor regime (DMCA Section 512). If your content was removed by a US provider acting on a notice, a counter-notice can restore it but exposes your real identity to the original notifier. If you're using a non-US DMCA-ignored host, the question doesn't arise — the notice has no statutory effect to begin with.", "category": "DMCA", "order": 21, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#dmca-counter-notice" }, { "question": "Are Seychelles, Belize and Nevis good hosting jurisdictions?", "answer_short": "These are corporate-domicile jurisdictions, not hosting-infrastructure jurisdictions. Companies incorporate there for legal-entity reasons, but the actual servers usually live elsewhere (Iceland, NL, EU). Njalla is incorporated in Nevis but operates from Sweden; Privex is incorporated in Belize but operates from SE/FI/CZ. The corporate veil sits offshore; the infrastructure does not.", "category": "Jurisdictions", "order": 22, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#seychelles-belize-nevis" }, { "question": "Does the EU Digital Services Act (DSA) affect DMCA-ignored hosting?", "answer_short": "Yes for EU-based hosts. The DSA imposes notice-and-action obligations on online intermediaries serving EU users; EU-based hosts (NL, RO, SE, DE, FR) must implement formal procedures. Non-EU hosts (Iceland, Switzerland, Norway, Moldova, Malaysia) are not directly bound except above 'very large platform' size thresholds.", "category": "Jurisdictions", "order": 23, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#eu-dsa-impact" }, { "question": "Should I run full-disk encryption on an offshore VPS?", "answer_short": "Yes. Full-disk encryption (LUKS) protects your data when the disk is at rest — the most likely scenario where the provider is compelled to image the disk. It does not protect against live-memory attacks or hypervisor-level snapshots, but it raises the cost of compelled disclosure significantly.", "category": "Operations", "order": 24, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#full-disk-encryption-vps" }, { "question": "Why use Monero instead of Bitcoin to pay for hosting?", "answer_short": "Bitcoin is pseudonymous — every transaction is permanently linked to a public address and traceable through chain analysis. Monero is anonymous by default — sender, receiver and amount are hidden at the protocol level via ring signatures, stealth addresses and RingCT. For privacy-preserving payment to infrastructure providers, Monero is materially stronger.", "category": "Payments", "order": 25, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#monero-bitcoin-difference" }, { "question": "Is Njalla legit and safe to use?", "answer_short": "Yes. Njalla is a legitimate, well-established privacy-focused registrar founded in 2017 by Peter Sunde (Pirate Bay co-founder), incorporated in Nevis with operations in Sweden. It is widely used by journalists, activists and privacy-conscious operators. Standard caveats apply: it is not 'bulletproof' and complies with valid Swedish court orders.", "category": "Provider trust", "order": 30, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#is-njalla-legit" }, { "question": "Is FlokiNET legit and safe to use?", "answer_short": "Yes. FlokiNET is a legitimate Iceland-headquartered hosting provider operating since 2012 with explicit free-speech mission. Multi-jurisdiction infrastructure (IS / RO / FI / NL), accepts Monero and cash by mail. Widely used by Tor relay operators, journalists, and privacy-focused projects.", "category": "Provider trust", "order": 31, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#is-flokinet-legit" }, { "question": "Is BuyVM (Frantech) trustworthy?", "answer_short": "Yes for value-tier KVM VPS. BuyVM has operated since 2010 (15+ years) with a strong reputation in the LowEndTalk community for being content-permissive, crypto-friendly, and technically competent. Caveat: US datacenters are DMCA-bound; pick the Luxembourg location for actual takedown resistance.", "category": "Provider trust", "order": 32, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#is-buyvm-trustworthy" }, { "question": "Is 1984 Hosting legit?", "answer_short": "Yes. 1984 Hosting is a long-running (since 2006) Icelandic hosting cooperative — ICANN-accredited registrar, full hosting stack, all on Icelandic infrastructure. Cooperative ownership structure aligns with non-profit / mission-driven users. The longest track record of any Iceland-based privacy-focused host.", "category": "Provider trust", "order": 33, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#is-1984hosting-legit" }, { "question": "Is Privex safe and reliable?", "answer_short": "Yes for crypto-native users. Privex is a small but well-regarded provider built specifically for the cryptocurrency / privacy-tech community. No-KYC, crypto-only payment, multi-jurisdiction (SE / FI / CZ / US). Operating since 2017. Pick the non-US locations for takedown resistance.", "category": "Provider trust", "order": 34, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#is-privex-safe" }, { "question": "Is running a Tor exit relay legal?", "answer_short": "In most jurisdictions yes — Tor relay operators benefit from common-carrier-like protections in many places (US, Germany, Netherlands have clearer precedent). But Tor exit operation generates significant abuse mail (DMCA notices, abuse reports) and many hosts forbid it in their AUP. Pick a Tor-friendly host: FlokiNET, Privex, BuyVM Luxembourg, HostHatch non-US.", "category": "Operations", "order": 35, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#is-tor-exit-legal" }, { "question": "Can a Bitcoin transaction be traced?", "answer_short": "Yes. Bitcoin is pseudonymous, not anonymous. Every transaction is permanently recorded on the public blockchain and can be traced through chain analysis. KYC exchange withdrawals, address reuse, and clustering heuristics let firms like Chainalysis link addresses to identities. For privacy-preserving payment use Monero or Lightning, not on-chain Bitcoin.", "category": "Payments", "order": 36, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#bitcoin-traceable" }, { "question": "Is paying for hosting with cash by mail legal?", "answer_short": "Yes in nearly all jurisdictions. Sending cash via standard mail is legal in the US, EU, UK and most other countries. Loss is the main risk, not legality. Avoid amounts that trigger declaration thresholds (typically €10,000 / $10,000 carried physically, but standard mail is generally below regulatory attention).", "category": "Payments", "order": 37, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#cash-mail-legal" }, { "question": "Will Cloudflare ban me if I host controversial content?", "answer_short": "Possibly. Cloudflare has terminated customers for non-DMCA reasons (Daily Stormer 2017, Kiwi Farms 2022). Their AUP covers a broader category than DMCA — hate speech, targeted harassment, certain adult content, etc. If your content is legal-but-controversial, do not rely on Cloudflare as your only edge layer.", "category": "Operations", "order": 38, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#will-cloudflare-ban-me" }, { "question": "Can I host adult content (porn) on these providers?", "answer_short": "Yes on several — but read the AUP first. AbeloHost, FlokiNET, OrangeWebsite, HostSailor and Shinjiru explicitly accept legal adult content. Avoid German hosts (increased age-verification enforcement), French hosts (similar), and US providers (payment-processor pressure cascades). Pay attention to bandwidth pricing — adult is bandwidth-heavy.", "category": "Operations", "order": 39, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#can-host-porn" }, { "question": "Which providers are torrent / seedbox friendly?", "answer_short": "Most non-US providers in this directory tolerate BitTorrent traffic. FlokiNET, OrangeWebsite, AbeloHost, HostSailor and AlexHost explicitly permit it. Pay attention to bandwidth allowances (seedboxes move terabytes monthly) and pick providers with unmetered ports rather than metered transfer.", "category": "Operations", "order": 40, "last_updated": "2026-05-12", "url": "https://notdmca.org/faq#torrent-seedbox-friendly" } ], "glossary": [ { "term": "ACME (Automated Certificate Management Environment)", "short": "Open standard (RFC 8555) for automated TLS certificate issuance. The protocol that Let's Encrypt and other free CAs use. Allows clients to prove domain control and obtain certificates without human interaction. The plumbing behind 'free auto-HTTPS'.", "aka": [ "RFC 8555" ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/glossary#acme-automated-certificate-management-environment-" }, { "term": "ActivityPub", "short": "Open standard (W3C 2018) for federated social networks. The protocol underlying Mastodon, Pixelfed, PeerTube, Lemmy and the broader Fediverse. Lets servers exchange posts, follows and notifications across a decentralized network of independent instances.", "aka": [ "Fediverse protocol", "AP" ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/glossary#activitypub" }, { "term": "Bulletproof hosting", "short": "A hosting provider that knowingly hosts content illegal in its operating jurisdiction and actively resists law enforcement. Distinct from DMCA-ignored hosting, which is legal. Bulletproof hosting is criminal in most jurisdictions.", "aka": [ "BPH", "bulletproof" ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/glossary#bulletproof-hosting" }, { "term": "Colocation (colo)", "short": "Renting physical rack space in a third-party datacenter for hardware you own. Sits between dedicated servers (rented hardware in a DC) and on-premises (your own DC). Maximum hardware control with DC-grade power / cooling / connectivity. Niche in 2026 for personal-scale operations.", "aka": [ "colo", "colocation hosting" ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/glossary#colocation-colo-" }, { "term": "DDoS protection", "short": "Network-level defenses against distributed denial-of-service attacks: traffic filtering at the provider's edge to absorb or drop attack traffic before it reaches your server. Standard at most VPS providers in 2026; quality varies by provider and pricing tier.", "aka": [ "DDoS mitigation", "anti-DDoS" ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/glossary#ddos-protection" }, { "term": "Digital Services Act (DSA)", "short": "EU regulation (in force from 2024) imposing notice-and-action obligations on online intermediaries. Applies to providers offering services to EU users, including non-EU providers above a size threshold. Spiritually similar to US DMCA but broader in scope.", "aka": [ "DSA", "EU DSA" ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/glossary#digital-services-act-dsa-" }, { "term": "DMCA (Digital Millennium Copyright Act)", "short": "US federal copyright law (1998) that creates a notice-and-takedown regime binding on US-based service providers. Section 512 grants safe-harbor protection if the provider acts on infringement notices. The DMCA has no statutory effect outside the US.", "aka": [ "Digital Millennium Copyright Act", "DMCA notice", "DMCA takedown" ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/glossary#dmca-digital-millennium-copyright-act-" }, { "term": "DNSSEC", "short": "DNS Security Extensions — cryptographic signing of DNS records to prevent forgery. Protects against DNS poisoning and man-in-the-middle attacks at the DNS layer. Supported by most modern registrars; requires both registrar and DNS-host cooperation.", "aka": [ "DNS Security Extensions" ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/glossary#dnssec" }, { "term": "Full-disk encryption (FDE / LUKS)", "short": "Encryption of an entire storage device (or partition) so that the data is unreadable when the system is powered off. The standard implementation on Linux is LUKS (Linux Unified Key Setup). Critical defense against host-side disk imaging in offshore-VPS scenarios.", "aka": [ "FDE", "LUKS", "disk encryption", "dm-crypt" ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/glossary#full-disk-encryption-fde-luks-" }, { "term": "IPv6", "short": "The current version of the Internet Protocol, with 128-bit addresses providing effectively unlimited address space. In 2026, IPv6 is mandatory for some use cases (Tor exit relays, mail servers seeking IP-reputation flexibility) and useful for all serious hosting work.", "aka": [ "IP version 6" ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/glossary#ipv6" }, { "term": "KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine)", "short": "Linux kernel virtualization module providing full hardware virtualization. The standard hypervisor for VPS providers in 2026; gives you a full kernel and root access. Compare to OpenVZ (older, container-style, less private).", "aka": [ "KVM virtualization" ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/glossary#kvm-kernel-based-virtual-machine-" }, { "term": "KYC (Know Your Customer)", "short": "Identity-verification requirement imposed on financial services and (increasingly) infrastructure providers. A no-KYC provider does not require government ID, address verification or biometric matching at signup.", "aka": [ "Know Your Customer", "no-KYC", "KYC-free" ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/glossary#kyc-know-your-customer-" }, { "term": "Let's Encrypt", "short": "Free, automated certificate authority providing TLS certificates for any domain. Issued via the ACME protocol; valid for 90 days; auto-renewable. The standard TLS solution for self-hosted infrastructure in 2026 — eliminates the need to pay commercial CAs.", "aka": [ "Let's Encrypt", "ACME CA" ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/glossary#let-s-encrypt" }, { "term": "Monero (XMR)", "short": "Privacy-preserving cryptocurrency that hides sender, receiver and amount on-chain by default using ring signatures, stealth addresses and Ring Confidential Transactions (RingCT). The standard payment method for fully-anonymous infrastructure purchases.", "aka": [ "XMR", "monero" ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/glossary#monero-xmr-" }, { "term": "Notice and takedown", "short": "Legal mechanism by which a rightsholder formally notifies a service provider of allegedly-infringing content; the provider then removes (or 'takes down') the content to preserve its safe-harbor liability protection. The DMCA Section 512 framework is the prototype; the EU DSA implements an analogous procedure.", "aka": [ "notice-and-action", "takedown procedure" ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/glossary#notice-and-takedown" }, { "term": "Object storage (S3-compatible)", "short": "Storage abstraction designed for unstructured data — files, images, backups, archives — accessed via HTTP API rather than as a filesystem. AWS S3 is the prototype; many implementations are 'S3-compatible' meaning they speak the same API. Cheaper per GB than block storage at scale.", "aka": [ "S3", "blob storage", "S3-compatible" ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/glossary#object-storage-s3-compatible-" }, { "term": "Offshore hosting", "short": "Hosting infrastructure operated outside the customer's home jurisdiction, typically in a country with stronger privacy law, weaker reciprocal copyright enforcement, or favorable corporate secrecy. Common examples: Iceland, Switzerland, the Netherlands, the Seychelles, Russia.", "aka": [ "offshore hosting", "off-shore VPS" ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/glossary#offshore-hosting" }, { "term": "Onion service (.onion)", "short": "A network service reachable only through the Tor network at a `.onion` address. The service operator's IP is hidden from clients; clients reach the service via Tor relays. Used for whistleblowing, censorship-resistant publishing, and anonymous communication.", "aka": [ "Tor hidden service", ".onion", "v3 onion service" ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/glossary#onion-service-onion-" }, { "term": "rDNS / PTR record", "short": "Reverse DNS — the mapping from an IP address back to a hostname. Mailbox providers (Gmail, Outlook) require correctly-set rDNS for outbound mail to be accepted. A mismatched or generic PTR is the most common cause of email landing in spam folders when self-hosting.", "aka": [ "reverse DNS", "PTR record", "reverse pointer" ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/glossary#rdns-ptr-record" }, { "term": "Reverse proxy", "short": "Server that sits in front of one or more origin servers and handles incoming traffic on their behalf. Used for TLS termination, caching, load balancing, hiding origin IP, and adding edge security. Common implementations: nginx, Caddy, HAProxy, Traefik.", "aka": [ "edge proxy", "front-end proxy" ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/glossary#reverse-proxy" }, { "term": "Safe harbor (DMCA Section 512)", "short": "US legal regime under DMCA Section 512 that shields online service providers from copyright liability for user-uploaded content if they act on validly-formatted infringement notices. The regime binds US providers; non-US providers are not within its scope.", "aka": [ "DMCA safe harbor", "Section 512", "safe harbour" ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/glossary#safe-harbor-dmca-section-512-" }, { "term": "SPF / DKIM / DMARC (email authentication)", "short": "Three DNS-based standards that authenticate email senders to receiving mail servers. SPF lists allowed sending IPs; DKIM signs messages; DMARC ties them together with a policy. All three required for self-hosted email to land in inboxes in 2026.", "aka": [ "SPF", "DKIM", "DMARC", "email auth" ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/glossary#spf-dkim-dmarc-email-authentication-" }, { "term": "Tor (The Onion Router)", "short": "Network protocol and software stack that routes user traffic through three volunteer-operated relays, encrypting at each hop. Provides client-side anonymity (hide your IP from sites you visit) and supports server-side anonymity via .onion services. Maintained by the Tor Project.", "aka": [ "The Onion Router", "Tor network", "tor browser" ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/glossary#tor-the-onion-router-" }, { "term": "Tor relay (guard / middle / exit)", "short": "Volunteer-operated server routing Tor network traffic. Three roles: guard (entry), middle (transit), exit (clearnet egress). Exit relays attract abuse complaints and require permissive hosting; many DMCA-ignored hosts in this directory are popular for relay operation.", "aka": [ "Tor node", "Tor exit", "Tor relay" ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/glossary#tor-relay-guard-middle-exit-" }, { "term": "WAF (Web Application Firewall)", "short": "Network security layer that inspects HTTP traffic for application-level attacks (SQL injection, XSS, path traversal). Sits at the edge between users and the application. Cloudflare's WAF is the well-known commercial example; ModSecurity / Coraza are popular self-hosted implementations.", "aka": [ "Web Application Firewall", "ModSecurity" ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/glossary#waf-web-application-firewall-" }, { "term": "Warrant canary", "short": "A regularly-updated public statement asserting that a service provider has NOT received a particular kind of legal request (e.g. a US National Security Letter). The statement's removal — without explanation — signals to users that such a request may have been received. Of contested practical effect.", "aka": [ "canary statement" ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/glossary#warrant-canary" }, { "term": "WHOIS privacy", "short": "Service offered by domain registrars that replaces the registrant's real contact data in public WHOIS records with the registrar's proxy data. The registrar still holds the real data and discloses it under legal process.", "aka": [ "WHOIS proxy", "domain privacy", "private registration" ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/glossary#whois-privacy" }, { "term": "WireGuard", "short": "Modern, fast, kernel-level VPN protocol. Designed to be simple, small (~4000 lines vs OpenVPN's 600,000), and high-performance. The standard VPN protocol in 2026 for both commercial VPN providers and self-hosted private networks.", "aka": [ "wg" ], "url": "https://notdmca.org/glossary#wireguard" } ] }